2012-2021年上海市某综合医院职工锐器伤状况回顾性调查  

Retrospective survey of sharp instrument injuries among employees in a general hospital of Shanghai from 2012 to 2021

作　　者：马玉柱 耿夏雨 袁艳玲 翁晓芳 龚薇 徐其兰 王剑云 MA Yu-zhu;GENG Xia-yu;YUAN Yan-ling;WENG Xiao-fang;GONG Wei;XU Qi-lan;WANG Jian-yun(School of Public Health,Nanchang University,Jiangri Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine,Nanchang,Jiangi 330006,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学公共卫生学院,江西省预防医学重点实验室,江西南昌330006 [2]复旦大学附属中山医院吴淞医院医院感染管理科,上海200940

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2023年第9期1427-1430,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：上海市宝山区科学技术委员会科技创新专项基金资助项目(18-E-2)。

摘　　要：目的调查上海市某综合医院职工2012-2021锐器伤发生的特点,分析不同类型锐器伤的分布特征,为预防医院职工锐器伤的发生提供科学依据和建议。方法通过医院感染监测报告系统,回顾性调查上海市某综合医院2012年1月1日-2021年12月31日医务人员锐器伤监测报告和历年医院职工人数等资料,对锐器伤发生的地点、环节、职业、器械等主要特点以及十年间锐器伤的发生密度进行描述,对不同类型锐器伤、不同严重程度锐器伤进行分类汇总和分析。结果2012-2021年医院锐器伤发生303人次,平均锐器伤发生密度为29.61次/1000人年(95%CI:29.43~29.80),夏季居多,2019年开始呈现下降趋势。锐器伤的主要构成特点如下:科室:外科(43.24%)、工作年限:0~5年(59.41%)、职业:护士(44.56%)和实习进修人员(29.70%)、环节:使用后处理前(66.67%)、器械:头皮钢针(42.58%)。锐器伤的严重程度与职业、安全设计、防护状况相关。结论医院应完善锐器伤上报制度,对不同场所和人群差异化进行职业防护,并从制度、管理、职工、环境、患者、器械等方面对锐器伤进行干预,以减轻锐器伤的危害。OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of sharp instrument injuries among the employees in a general hospital of Shanghai from 2012 to 2021 and analyze the distribution of the sharp injuries so as to provide scientific basis for prevention of the sharp injuries.METHODS By means of nosocomial infection n surveillance reporting system,a retrospective survey was conducted for the data,including the reports of surveillance of sharp injuries among health care workers and number of employees in previous years.The major characteristics of the sharp injuries including location,link,occupation and equipment as well as the occurrence density of sharp injuries in ten years were described.The types and severities of the sharp injuries were summarized and analyzed.RESULTS Totally 303 person-times of sharp injuries happened in the hospital from 2012 to 2021,the average density of occurrence was 29.61 times/1000 person-years(95%CI:29.43-29.80),with summer in dominance,and it began to decline in 2019.The major characteristics of the sharp injuries were as follows:surgery department(43.24%),working years:0-5 of working years(59.41%),occupation of nurse(44.56%)and interns(29.70%),link of post-use and pre-treatment(66.67%),instrument of scalp steel needle(42.58%).The severity of the sharp injuries was associated with the occupation,safety design and status of protection.CONCLUSION It is necessary for the hospital to complete the sharp injury reporting system,carry out the occupation protection for different locations and populations and take interventions to sharp injuries from system,management,employees,environment,patients and equipment so as to reduce the sharp injuries.

关 键 词：医务人员 锐器伤 回顾性调查 影响因素 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]