蚕豆田杂草消长规律及5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂田间防效研究  

Study on Growth and Decline Rules of Weeds in Broad Bean Fields and Field Control Effect of 5%Imazethapyr Aqueous Solution

作　　者：张丽娟[1] 陆建英[1] 闵庚梅[1] 王昶[1] 杨晓明[1] ZHANG Lijuan;LU Jianying;MIN Gengmei;WANG Chang;YANG Xiaoming(Crop Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第10期71-74,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：现代农业食用豆产业技术体系(CARS-08-G14);国家自然科学基金(31760420)。

摘　　要：为明确甘肃中部灌区春播蚕豆田杂草消长规律及5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂对杂草的防效,本研究对蚕豆田杂草优势群落进行调查分析,并选择除草剂5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂开展蚕豆田杂草防除试验。结果表明,蚕豆田杂草以阔叶杂草为主,优势杂草有苣菜、野荞麦、猪殃殃、刺盖草,并伴有禾本科杂草野燕麦、冰草等。4月中旬为杂草始发期,5月上旬开始杂草种类基本不变。5月中下旬为杂草出草高峰期,田间杂草密度明显增加,以苣菜为主的优势杂草种群逐渐形成。5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂2 000 mL/hm^(2)茎叶处理对阔叶杂草和部分禾本科杂草防效突出、作用时间长,其中对阔叶杂草的株防效和鲜重防效均在90%以上,且蚕豆产量较不施用除草剂的对照提高。说明5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂可用于蚕豆田杂草防除。In order to clarify the growth and decline rules of weeds in spring broad bean fields in the irrigation area of central Gansu Province,as well as the control effect of 5%imazethapyr aqueous solution on weeds,this study investigated and analyzed the dominant communities of weeds in broad bean fields,and selected the 5%imazethapyr aqueous solution to carry out weed control experiments in broad bean fields.The results showed that broadleaf weeds were the main weeds in broad bean fields,with dominant weeds such as chicory,wild buckwheat,cleavers,Cirsium bracteiferum Shih,and accompanied by gramineous weeds such as wild oats and ice grass.Mid April was the initial period of weeds,and the types of weeds remained basically unchanged from early May.Mid-late May was the emergence peak period of weeds,with a significant increase in weed density in the field,and a dominant weed population mainly composed of chicory gradually formed.The stem and leaf treatment with 5%imazethapyr aqueous solution 2000 mL/hm^(2) had outstanding control effect on broadleaf weeds and some gramineous weeds,with a long-term effect,its control effects on plant and fresh weight of broadleaf weeds were both above 90%,and the yield of broad bean was higher than that of the control without herbicides application.It indicated that the 5%imazethapyr aqueous solution could be used for controlling weed in broad bean fields.

关 键 词：蚕豆田 杂草 5%咪唑乙烟酸水剂 消长规律 防效 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]