河套灌区农业管理方式对土壤质量的影响  

Effects of Agricultural Management Methods on Soil Quality in Hetao Irrigation Area

作　　者：魏建婷 赖黎明 张超 白乐平 李凯娟 靳昇 WEI Jianting;LAI Liming;ZHNAG Chao;BAI Leping;LI Kaijuan;JIN Sheng(Department of Agronomy,Hetao College,Bayannur Inner Mongolia 015000;Academician and Expert Workstation,Hetao College,Bayannur Inner Mongolia 015000;Agricultural Soil Research Center of Hetao Irrigation Area,Hetao College,Bayannur Inner Mongolia 015000)

机构地区：[1]河套学院农学系,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [2]河套学院院士专家工作站,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [3]河套学院河套灌区农业土壤研究中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第10期154-159,共6页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技厅项目“河套学院巴彦淖尔生态治理与绿色发展院士专家工作站建设项目”;河套学院人才引进启动项目(HYRC2019006);河套学院科学技术研究项目(HYZX201952)。

摘　　要：本研究采用土壤样品检测与问卷调查相结合的方法研究了河套灌区农业管理对土壤质量的影响。结果表明:有77.60%受访农户认为土壤质量在过去20年(1998—2018年)无显著变化;认为过去20年灌溉、施肥、农药、覆膜对土壤质量没有影响或无法判断的农户占比分别为63.45%、61.60%、60.43%、61.35%。该区耕地0~20 cm土壤有机质的平均值为11.44 g/kg,全氮、硝态氮、有效磷含量的平均值分别为0.74 g/kg、10.72 mg/kg、13.59 mg/kg;pH值、碱化度与全盐的平均值分别为8.11、20.27%与1.84 g/kg。河套灌区农业土壤有机质偏低,氮、磷较缺乏,钾比较丰富,pH值和碱化度较高。综上所述,河套灌区过去20年的农业管理实践对土壤质量的影响不大,该地区土壤质量偏低且长期保持稳定。This study investigated the effects of agricultural management methods on soil quality in Hetao irrigation area through soil sample testing and questionnaire survey.The results showed that 77.60%of respondents thought that there had been no significant change in soil quality in the past 20 years(1998-2018).The proportion of producers who thought that irrigation,fertilization,pesticides and film mulching had no effect on soil quality in the past 20 years or couldn't be determined was 63.45%,61.60%,60.43%and 61.35%,respectively.The average value of soil organic matter in 0-20 cm soil layer was 11.44 g/kg,and the average values of total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus were 0.74 g/kg,10.72 mg/kg and 13.59 mg/kg,respectively.The average values of pH,alkalinity and total salt were 8.11,20.27%and 1.84 g/kg,respectively.The organic matter of agricultural soil in Hetao irrigation area was low,nitrogen and phosphorus were relatively lacking,potassium was relatively abundant,and pH value and alkalinity were high.In summary,the agricultural management practices in Hetao irrigation area in the past 20 years had little effect on soil quality.The soil quality in this area was low and stable for a long time.

关 键 词：农业管理方式 灌溉 施肥 农药 覆膜 土壤质量 河套灌区 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]