我国生物安全标准制度的功能分析、现状梳理与完善路径  

Functional Analysis,Current Situation,and Improvement Path of China’s Biosafety Standard System

作　　者：陈诚 Chen Cheng

机构地区：[1]武汉大学环境法研究所,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《南海法学》2023年第2期14-23,共10页The South China Sea Law Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“整体系统观下生物多样性保护的法律规制研究”(19ZDA162)。

摘　　要：生物安全标准制度是国家安全治理的有机组成部分与重要范畴,于生物安全法治而言,生物安全标准实现了科学机理到法律原理的转化、实现了从政策法维度到管制法维度的落实、实现了对生物安全风险的分级管控。我国不断重视生物安全治理体系建设,随着重要领域的生物安全标准陆续出台,我国生物安全标准体系基本建成,但由于起步较晚,目前存在立法效力层次低、标准之间缺乏衔接、涉及领域不够全面、尚未完全与国际接轨等困境。需要以注重总体国家安全观的统领、注重整体性治理的提升、注重生物伦理的表达为原则,完善生物安全领域的法律法规、加快重点领域生物安全标准的修订与制定、完善生物安全标准的制定程序、加强部门间的协同监管、建立生物安全标准实施效果评估机制、加强与国际标准接轨。Biosafety standards are an important system to implement the overall national security concept.In terms of biosafety rule of law,biosafety standards have realized the transformation from scientific mechanisms to legal principles and realized the implementation from the dimension of policy law to the dimension of control law,and also realized the hierarchical management and control of biosecurity risks.China has continuously attached great importance to the establishment of a biosafety governance system.With the successive introduction of biosafety standards in important fields,China’s biosafety standard system has basically been established.However,due to the late start,there are currently dilemmas such as low level of legislative effectiveness,lack of connection between standards,incomplete fields involved,and not yet fully integrated with international standards.It is necessary to follow the principles of focusing on the leadership of the overall national security concept,focusing on the improvement of overall governance,and focusing on the expression of bioethics.There is an urgent need to improve laws and regulations in the field of biosafety,speed up the revision and formulation of biosafety standards in key areas,improve the procedures for formulating biosafety standards,strengthen collaborative supervision between departments,establish a mechanism for evaluating the effect of biosafety standards implementation,and strengthen integration with international standards.

关 键 词：生物安全法 生物安全标准 总体国家安全观 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学] D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]