涂片检查快速染色在白带常规检验中的应用效果  

Application effect of rapid staining for smear examination in routine examination of leucorrhea

作　　者：黎志勤 温庆辉[1] 张志斌 LI Zhi-qin;WEN Qing-hui;ZHANG Zhi-bin(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Dongguan People's Hospital,Dongguan Guangdong 523000,China)

机构地区：[1]东莞市人民医院检验科,广东东莞523000

出　　处：《临床和实验医学杂志》2023年第8期895-896,F0003,共3页Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(编号:2021KH184);东莞市社会科技发展(一般)项目(编号:202050715001490)。

摘　　要：目的探讨涂片检查快速染色在白带常规检验中的应用效果。方法回顾性选取2021年1月至2022年2月东莞市人民医院白带常规检验患者1000例,统计分析白带涂片检查快速染色与常规革兰染色对致病菌的检出情况、对阴道炎的诊断效能。结果涂片检查快速染色在白带常规检验中对致病菌的检出率为81.00%,明显高于白带常规革兰染色(50.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中对滴虫、霉菌的检出率为38.70%、18.90%,均明显高于白带常规革兰染色(15.20%、12.60%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但二者对纤毛菌(1.00%vs.0.70%)、淋球菌(0.90%vs.0.70%)、加特纳杆菌(21.50%vs.20.80%)的检出率之间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。1000例患者中,分泌物培养结果阳性851例,阴性149例;白带常规革兰染色阳性534例,阴性466例;涂片检查快速染色阳性822例,阴性178例。以分泌物培养结果为金标准,涂片检查快速染色诊断阴道炎的灵敏性为95.18%,特异性为91.95%,准确性为94.70%,阳性预测值为98.54%,阴性预测值为79.97%;白带常规革兰染色诊断阴道炎的灵敏性为58.75%,特异性为77.18%,准确性为61.50%,阳性预测值为93.63%,阴性预测值为24.68%。涂片检查快速染色诊断阴道炎的灵敏性高于白带常规革兰染色,特异性高于白带常规革兰染色,准确性高于白带常规革兰染色,阴性预测值均明显高于白带常规革兰染色(P<0.05)。结论涂片检查快速染色在白带常规检验中对致病菌的检出率明显高于白带常规革兰染色,涂片检查快速染色诊断对阴道炎的诊断效能高于白带常规革兰染色。Objective To explore the application effect of rapid staining for smear examination in routine examination of vaginal discharge.Methods A total of 1000 cases of leucorrhea in Dongguan People's Hospital from January 2021 to February 2022 were selected retrospectively,and the detection of pathogenic bacteria and the diagnostic efficacy of vaginitis by rapid staining and conventional Gram staining of leucorrhea smear were statistically analyzed.Results In the routine test of leucorrhea,the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria by rapid staining for smear examination in routine examination was 81.00%,which was significantly higher than that by routine Gram staining of leucorrhea(50.00%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rates of trichomonas and molds(38.70%,18.90%)were significantly higher than those by routine Gram staining of leucorrhea(15.20%,12.60%),the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the detection rates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae(0.90%vs.0.70%)and Gartner bacillus(21.50%vs.20.80%)(P>0.05).Among 1000 patients,851 were positive and 149 were negative in secretion culture;534 cases of leucorrhea were positive and 466 cases were negative by routine gram staining;822 cases were positive and 178 cases were negative.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of rapid staining for smear examination for the diagnosis of vaginitis were 95.18%,91.95%,94.70%,98.54%and 79.97%,respectively,based on the results of secretion culture as the gold standard;the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of leucorrhea routine Gram staining in the diagnosis of vaginitis were 58.75%,77.18%,61.50%,93.63%and 24.68%,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy and negative predictive value of rapid staining for smear examination in routine examination in the diagnosis of vaginitis were significantly higher than those of routine Gram staining for l

关 键 词：白带常规检查 白带常规革兰染色 涂片检查快速染色 滴虫 霉菌 纤毛菌 淋球菌 加特纳杆菌 阴道炎 诊断效能 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学]