安徽省宿州市埇桥区玉米土壤养分含量特征与评价  

Characteristics and Evaluation of Soil Nutrients in Maize Planting Areas in the Yongqiao District of Suzhou City,Anhui Province with Different Tree Ages

作　　者：王景艳 寇伟锋 姜超强[3] 高飞 WANG Jing-yan;KOU Wei-feng;JIANG Chao-qiang(Anhui Provincial State Farms Group,Hefei,Anhui 230061;Anhui Rural and Social Science and Technology Development Center,Hefei,Anhui 230088;Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230001)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农垦集团有限公司,安徽合肥230061 [2]安徽省农村与社会科技发展中心,安徽合肥230088 [3]安徽省农业科学院,安徽合肥230001 [4]宿州市埇桥区夹沟镇农业综合服务中心,安徽宿州234102

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第9期42-45,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省重点研究和开发计划项目(1804g07020163)。

摘　　要：[目的]明确安徽省宿州市埇桥区玉米土壤养分含量现状,为当地土壤养分管理和合理施肥提供理论依据。[方法]选取埇桥区30个玉米种植区域,测定分析土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾和中微量元素有效态含量及其相关性分析,评价各项养分指标的丰缺状况。[结果]玉米种植区土壤pH处于4.24~7.55,平均值为5.91,其中43.3%的取样点土壤属于酸性土壤,建议施用适宜用量的石灰来改良该部分酸性土壤,以促进玉米生长发育。土壤有机质平均含量为30.5 g/kg,土壤有机质较高;土壤碱解氮平均含量为146.07 mg/kg,76.7%取样点土壤碱解氮处于高和极高水平;土壤有效磷和速效钾平均含量分别为49.66和288.64 mg/kg,56.7%的土壤有效磷含量处于极高水平,83.3%的土壤速效钾含量处于极高水平。土壤的交换性钙、交换性镁含量均处于高或极高水平,土壤有效锰和有效铜基本处于中等或高水平,大部分土壤有效铁和有效锌处于极高水平,但也分别有20.0%和26.6%处于低水平,说明少部分区域缺铁和缺锌。[结论]综合来看,该区应适当减施氮肥,控制磷肥和钾肥投入,以减少土壤磷素累积及其对环境的污染。同时应加大微量元素的测土配方施肥,以均衡微量元素营养的供应,保障玉米丰产、农民丰收。[Objective]The purpose of this study was to understand the status of soil nutrient contents in maize planting areas in the Yongqiao district of Suzhou City,Anhui Province,which could provide reference for local soil nutrient management and rational fertilization.[Method]30 maize planting areas in Yongqiao district were selected to measure and analyze the soil pH,organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and the available content of medium and trace elements and their correlation analysis,and to evaluate the abundance and deficiency of various nutrient indicators.[Result]The results showed that the soil pH in maize planting areas was between 4.24 and 7.55,with an average value of 5.91,and 43.3% of those soil samples were acidic.It was suggested to apply suitable amount of lime to improve the acidic soil and to promote the growth and development of maize.The average content of soil organic matter was 30.5 g/kg,which belonged to a higher level.The average content of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was 146.07 mg/kg,and 76.7% of the samples were at high or extremely high level.The average content of soil available phosphorus and available potassium was 49.66 mg/kg and 288.64 mg/kg,respectively,and 56.7% and 83.3%in available phosphorus and available potassium were at extremely high level,respectively.The contents of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium in soil were at high or very high levels,while the available manganese and available copper were at medium or high levels.Most of the soil available iron and available zinc levels were extremely high,but 20% and 26.6% of the soil available iron and zinc levels were low,indicating that a small number of areas were iron and zinc deficient.[Conclusion]In all,nitrogen fertilizer should be reduced and the input of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be controlled to reduce the accumulation of soil phosphorus and its pollution to the environment.Moreover,soil testing and formula fertilization should be increased to ba

关 键 词：玉米 速效养分 微量元素 评价 相关性分析 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]