小金蝠蛾幼虫血细胞对病原真菌的免疫防御研究  

Study on Immune Defense of Blood Cells from Larvae of Thitarodes xiaojinensis against Pathogenic Fungi

作　　者：贺元川[1] 游华建 陈仕江[1] HE Yuan-chuan;YOU Hua-jian;CHEN Shi-jiang(Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica,Chongqing 400065)

机构地区：[1]重庆市中药研究院,重庆400065

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第9期164-167,174,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0679);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(CSTB2022TIAD-GPX0067);重庆市科技局技术创新与应用发展专项项目(cstc2020jscx-msxmX0102)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究小金蝠蛾幼虫血细胞对不同病原菌侵染的细胞免疫响应差异,揭示拟棒束孢病害发生和冬虫夏草菌形成机理的细胞免疫差异。[方法]利用光学显微镜观察小金蝠蛾幼虫感染病原菌后血细胞的数量、形态变化、细胞免疫反应和黑化反应,以L-多巴为底物,采用分光光度法测定感染不同时间后的血淋巴中酚氧化酶活性。[结果]小金蝠蛾幼虫感染冬虫夏草菌的生存曲线无显著差异,血细胞对冬虫夏草菌无明显的集结、包囊、黑化等免疫作用,酚氧化酶活性侵染初期出现降低,然后逐渐恢复至健康幼虫水平;小金蝠蛾幼虫感染粉棒束孢的生存曲线具有显著差异,对感染早期血细胞具有明显的集结、包囊、黑化等免疫响应,酚氧化酶活性初期降低后逐渐升高。[结论]小金蝠蛾幼虫血细胞对病原真菌冬虫夏草菌和粉棒束孢免疫防御响应策略具有显著差异,血细胞对冬虫夏草菌无明显的免疫反应,对粉棒束孢虽然有强烈的免疫反应,但是不能阻止粉棒束孢的快速萌发而导致幼虫短期内死亡。[Objective]To study the differences in cellular immune responses of the blood cells of the larvae of Thitarodes xiaojinensis to infection by different pathogens,and to reveal the differences in cellular immune responses to the occurrence of Isaria farinosa disease and the formation mechanism of Ophiocordyceps sinensis.[Method]Optical microscopy was used to observe the number,morphological changes,cellular immune responses and melanization reactions of blood cells in the larva of Thitarodes xiaojinensis after infection with pathogenic bacteria were observed,using L-dopa as the substrate,the activity of phenol oxidase in hemolymph after different times of infection was measured by spectrophotometry.[Result]There was no significant difference in the survival curve of the larvae infected with Ophiocordyceps sinensis,and there was no significant immune effect of blood cells on Ophiocordyceps sinensis,such as aggregation,encapsulation and melanization.The activity of phenol oxidase decreased at the initial stage of infection,and then gradually recovered to the level of healthy larvae.There was significant difference in the survival curve of the larvae infected with Isaria farinosa,the blood cells had significant immune responses such as aggregation,encapsulation and melanization in the early stage of infection,the phenol oxidase activity decreased initially and then gradually increased.[Conclusion]The immune defense response strategies of the blood cells of the larvae of Thitarodes xiaojinensis to the pathogenic fungi Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Isaria farinosa had significant differences.The blood cells had no significant immune response to Ophiocordyceps sinensis,and although they had a strong immune response to Isaria farinosa,they cannot prevent the rapid germination of Isaria farinosa,leading to the short-term death of the larvae.

关 键 词：小金蝠蛾 血细胞 细胞免疫 粉棒束孢 冬虫夏草菌 

分 类 号：Q962[生物学—昆虫学]