基于多目标遗传算法的柱塞泵阻尼槽多参数优化  

Multi-parameter optimization of damping groove on axial piston pump based on multi-objective genetic algorithm

作　　者：郭志敏 翟江 吴东伟 洪昊岑 GUO Zhi-min;ZHAI Jiang;WU Dong-wei;HONG Hao-cen(Linde Hydraulic(China)Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261205,Shandong,China;State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310001,China;Institute of Advanced Machines,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310014,China;Weichai Power Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261205,China)

机构地区：[1]林德液压(中国)有限公司,山东潍坊261205 [2]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310001 [3]浙江大学高端装备研究院,浙江杭州310014 [4]潍柴动力股份有限公司,山东潍坊261205

出　　处：《机电工程》2023年第5期773-780,共8页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB2007101);浙江省博士后择优项目(ZJ2021030)。

摘　　要：斜盘式柱塞泵通过配流盘进行进出口的高低压油液切换,其过渡区域的阻尼槽结构优化设计对于提升泵出口的压力-流量特性至关重要。为了有效地提高阻尼槽结构优化设计的效率,提出了一种基于多目标遗传算法的圆柱形阻尼槽多参数优化方法。首先,对配流盘阻尼槽的构型与柱塞泵的输出压力流量特性的关系进行了理论分析;采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,对配流盘阻尼槽原始结构的流场压力-流量特性进行了计算,对其出口流量脉动特性与阻尼槽结构的关系进行了分析;然后,对不同阻尼槽结构的流场特性进行了计算,分析了阻尼槽半径、阻尼槽长度以及阻尼槽偏转角对输出压力-流量特性的影响规律;最后,采用了多目标遗传算法,以降低出口流量脉动和压力冲击为优化目标,求解得到了圆柱形阻尼槽的最优结构,并将其与原始结构的仿真结果进行了对比,以验证优化效果。仿真结果表明:最优结构参数为阻尼槽半径2.21 mm、阻尼槽长度10.32 mm、阻尼槽偏转角16.54°,相较于原始结构的仿真结果,压力脉动率降低了0.16%,流量脉动率降低了43.59%,优化效果显著。研究结果表明:通过对仿真结果的分析,阀芯阻尼槽的结构参数对柱塞泵的压力-流量特性影响显著,通过遗传算法对流场模型的计算结果进行优化分析,有效地减少了通过枚举法进行参数优化的建模环节,极大地提升了阻尼槽结构的优化效率。The valve plate inside the swash-plate axial piston pump was used to switch the high and low pressure oil.To improve the pressure-flow characteristics of the pump,the optimal design for damping groove on valve plate was of great importance.A multi-parameter optimization method based on multi-objective genetic algorithm was proposed,in order to effectively improve the efficiency of the groove structure optimization.Firstly,the relationship between the configuration of the damper groove of the valve plate and the output pressure-flow characteristics was analyzed theoretically.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method was used to calculate the pressure-flow characteristics of the original structure,and the relationship between the outlet flow pulsation characteristics and the damping groove structure was analyzed.Then,the flow field characteristics of different damping grooves were calculated,and the influence laws of the radius,length and deflection angle of the damping groove on the output pressure-flow characteristics were analyzed.Finally,using multi-objective genetic algorithm,the optimal structure of cylindrical damping tank was obtained by solving the problem of reducing outlet flow pulsation and pressure impact,and the simulation results of the original structure were compared to verify the optimal effect.The optimization effect was significant.The simulation results show that the optimal structural parameters are the damping groove radius of 2.21 mm,the damping groove length of 10.32 mm and the damping groove deflection angle of 16.54°.Comparing with the original structure,the pressure pulsation rate is reduced by 0.16%,and the flow pulsation rate is reduced by 43.59%.The research results show that the structural parameters of the damping tank have a significant impact on the pressure-flow characteristics of the piston pump.The optimization analysis of the flow field model by genetic algorithm effectively reduces the modeling link of parameter optimization by enumeration method,and greatly improves the optim

关 键 词：柱塞泵配流盘 圆柱形阻尼槽 压力-流量特性 遗传算法 参数优化 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：TH322[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]