饲料中添加胆固醇对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长、蜕皮及亚硝酸盐应激前后抗氧化能力的影响  

Effects of Dietary Cholesterol Addition Level on Growth,Molting,Cholesterol Content and Antioxidant Capability of Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crab(Eriocheir sinensis)Before and After Nitrite Exposure

作　　者：满敦蕊 袁融 张禹熙 姜玉声 黄姝 衣启麟 左然涛 MAN Dunrui;YUAN Rong;ZHANG Yuxi;JIANG Yusheng;HUANG Shu;YI Qilin;ZUO Rantao(Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea,Ministry of Agriculture,College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Liaoning Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,农业农村部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第10期67-73,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：蓝色粮仓重点研发专项[2018YFD0900400]。

摘　　要：为研究饲料胆固醇添加量对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)幼蟹生长、蜕皮以及亚硝酸盐应激前后肝胰腺胆固醇含量和抗氧化能力的影响,试验设计了5种等氮等脂的饲料,胆固醇添加量依次为0、0.25%、0.50%、0.75%和1.00%。以初始体重为(0.930±0.036)g的中华绒螯蟹幼蟹为研究对象,进行为期50 d的摄食生长试验,试验结束后进行亚硝酸盐应激,于应激前后取样分析。结果表明:①相较于对照组,当饲料中添加0.25%~0.50%胆固醇时,中华绒螯蟹幼蟹增重率、特定生长率和蜕皮率显著性升高(P<0.05),当饲料中添加0.25%胆固醇时,饲料系数显著降低(P<0.05)。②幼蟹肝胰腺中胆固醇含量在亚硝酸盐应激前后差异不显著(P>0.05)。在亚硝酸盐应激前,相较于对照组,胆固醇添加组肝胰腺中胆固醇含量显著升高(P<0.05)。在亚硝酸盐应激后,各组肝胰腺中胆固醇含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。③相较于亚硝酸盐应激前,应激后的幼蟹肝胰腺中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著降低(P<0.05)。在亚硝酸盐应激前,相较于对照组,饲料中添加0.25%胆固醇时,肝胰腺中GSH-Px活性和T-AOC水平显著性升高(P<0.05),MDA含量降低(P>0.05)。在亚硝酸盐应激后,相较于对照组,当饲料中添加0.50%~0.75%胆固醇时,GSH-Px、T-AOC、SOD活性显著性升高(P<0.05),MDA含量降低(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲料中添加0.25%胆固醇可满足中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长需求,而添加0.5%胆固醇可使幼蟹获得最佳的抗亚硝酸盐应激能力。To investigate the effects of dietary cholesterol addition level on the growth,molting,cholester⁃ol content and antioxidant capacity in the hepatopancreas of juvenile Chinese mitten crabs(Eriocheir si⁃nensis)before and after nitrite exposure.Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated and the cholesterol addition levels of experimental diets were 0,0.25%,0.50%,0.75%and 1.00%,respective⁃ly.The diets were fed to juvenile crabs with the initial body weight of(0.930±0.036)g for 50 days.Nitrite exposure trial was carried out at the end of the experiment.Samples were taken before and af⁃ter nitrite exposure.The results showed as fol⁃lows:①Compared with the control group,the weight gain rate,specific growth rate and molting rate of juvenile crabs fed with 0.25%and 0.50%cholesterol addition level significantly increased(P<0.05).Feed conversion ratio of juvenile crabs fed with 0.25%cholesterol addition level significantly de⁃creased(P<0.05).②There was no significant difference in cholesterol content in the hepatopancreas be⁃fore and after nitrite exposure(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,cholesterol content in the hepa⁃topancreas significantly increased in the juvenile crabs fed diet with cholesterol(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in cholesterol content in the hepatopancreas among different cholesterol addition levels(P>0.05).③The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in the hepatopancreas were significantly lower in nitrite exposure trial than the activities in feeding experiment(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the activities of GSH-Px and T-AOC significantly increased in 0.25%treatment group(P<0.05),malondialdehyde(MDA)content decreased in 0.25%treatment group(P>0.05).In nitrite exposure trial,compared with the control group,the activities of GSH-Px,T-AOC and SOD significantly increased between 0.5%and 0.75%treatment group(P<0.05),but the content of MDA decreased between 0.50%and 0.75%tr

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 胆固醇 生长 抗氧化 亚硝酸盐应激 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]