高频超声在小儿髋关节发育不良中的诊断价值及影像学特征分析  

Diagnostic value and imaging characteristics of high frequency ultrasound in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip

作　　者：周雪亮 窦盼 ZHOU Xueliang;DOU Pan(Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital,Xi'an 710075,China)

机构地区：[1]西安高新医院,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2023年第15期107-110,共4页Clinical Research and Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨高频超声对小儿髋关节发育不良(DDH)的诊断价值。方法选取2021年1月至6月我院超声科接诊的51例(102个髋关节)疑似DDH小儿(设为观察组)及51例(102个髋关节)健康体检小儿(设为对照组)为研究对象,采用高频超声对所有小儿进行髋关节检查。以临床体格检查及X线最终检查结果为金标准,评估高频超声对DDH的诊断灵敏度、特异度、准确度及其对髋关节正常、髋臼发育不良、髋关节半脱位及髋关节完全脱位的检出率;比较两组的α角、β角;分析不同类型小儿髋关节的高频超声图像特征。结果高频超声诊断DDH的灵敏度为95.12%(78/82),特异度为90.00%(18/20),准确度为94.12%(96/102)。高频超声对髋关节正常、髋臼发育不良、髋关节半脱位及髋关节完全脱位的检出率分别为90.00%、96.00%、90.91%及100.00%。观察组的α角明显小于对照组,β角明显大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论高频超声对小儿DDH的诊断效果显著,其具有较高的灵敏度、特异度及准确度,且对髋关节正常、髋臼发育不良、髋关节半脱位及髋关节完全脱位的检出率较高,能够精确测量小儿髋关节的α角及β角,清楚显示髋关节的解剖形态,为临床提供可靠的诊断依据,值得推广与应用。Objective To explore the diagnostic value of high frequency ultrasound in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH).Methods Fifty-one children(102 hip joints)with suspected DDH(set as observation group)and 51 healthy children(102 hip joints)with physical examination(set as control group)who admitted in the ultrasound department of our hospital from January to June 2021 were selected as the study objects,and all children were examined by high frequency ultrasound.The final results of clinical physical examination and X-ray examination were used as the gold standard to evaluate the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of high frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of DDH,and the detection rates of normal hip joint,acetabular dysplasia,subluxation of hip joint and complete dislocation of hip joint were also evaluated;theαangle andβangle of the two groups were compared;the imaging characteristics of high frequency ultrasound of different types of hip joints in children were analyzed.Results The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of high frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of DDH were 95.12%(78/82),90.00%(18/20)and 94.12%(96/102)respectively.The detection rates of high frequency ultrasound for normal hip joint,acetabular dysplasia,subluxation of hip joint and complete dislocation of hip joint were 90.00%,96.00%,90.91%and 100.00%,respectively.Theαangle of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and theβangle was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion High frequency ultrasound has a significant effect on the diagnosis of children with DDH,with high sensitivity,specificity and accuracy,and has a high detection rates of normal hip joint,acetabular dysplasia,subluxation of hip joint and complete dislocation of hip joint.It can accurately measure theαangle andβangle of the hip joint in children,clearly display the anatomical morphology of the hip joint,and provide reliable diagnostic basis for the clinic,which is worth promoting and ap

关 键 词：高频超声 小儿 髋关节发育不良 髋臼发育不良 髋关节半脱位 髋关节完全脱位 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]