中国畜禽饲料资源中镁含量的调查研究  

A Survey on Magnesium Contents in Feed Resources for Livestock and Poultry in China

作　　者：吴静璇 孙征 马雪莲 张丽阳[1] 廖秀冬[1] 罗绪刚 李素芬[3] 吕林[1] WU Jingxuan;SUN Zheng;MA Xuelian;ZHANG Liyang;LIAO Xiudong;LUO Xugang;LI Sufen;LYU Lin(Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193 [2]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225000 [3]河北科技师范学院动物科技学院,秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2023年第5期1888-1898,共11页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFD1300203);科技基础性工作专项项目(2014FY111000);中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费(ASTIP-IAS09);河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系蛋肉鸡产业创新团队(HBCT2018150203、HBCT2018150206);河北省特色动物种质资源挖掘与创新重点实验室。

摘　　要：【目的】对中国不同地区各种饲料原料中矿物元素镁含量进行了调查研究,为饲粮中合理添加镁提供科学依据。【方法】从中国31个省、直辖市和自治区采集了37种4054个主要畜禽饲料原料样品,经预处理后进行微波消解,采用离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体-质谱联用仪(IC-ICP-MS)测定其镁含量。并用SAS软件分别对同类不同种饲料样品和不同省(区)饲料样品的镁含量进行单因素方差分析,比较不同饲料原料中镁含量的差异及其在不同地区之间的差异。【结果】各类别饲料原料中镁含量分布规律为:矿物质饲料(平均镁含量为12740 mg/kg)>植物性蛋白质饲料(平均镁含量为4335 mg/kg)>谷类籽实加工副产品(平均镁含量为3275 mg/kg)>牧草类饲料(平均镁含量为2482 mg/kg)>秸秆类饲料(平均镁含量为2346 mg/kg)>动物性蛋白质饲料(平均镁含量为1436 mg/kg)>谷类籽实(平均镁含量为1220 mg/kg)。同一类别的不同饲料原料中镁含量具有显著差异(P<0.05)。谷类籽实中以小麦和大麦镁含量(1358 mg/kg)为最高,稻谷镁含量(1115 mg/kg)为最低;谷类籽实加工副产品中以米糠镁含量(5791 mg/kg)为最高,碎米镁含量(387 mg/kg)为最低;植物性蛋白质饲料中以棉籽粕镁含量(6664 mg/kg)为最高,膨化大豆镁含量(2605 mg/kg)为最低;动物性蛋白质饲料中以鱼粉镁含量(3479 mg/kg)为最高,血球蛋白粉镁含量(269 mg/kg)为最低;秸秆类饲料中以甘薯藤镁含量(4024 mg/kg)为最高,小麦秸镁含量(1136 mg/kg)为最低;牧草类饲料中以苜蓿镁含量(2996 mg/kg)为最高,羊草镁含量(1617 mg/kg)为最低;矿物质饲料中以磷酸氢钙镁含量(18290 mg/kg)为最高,贝壳粉镁含量(3118 mg/kg)为最低。以省(区)为单位,通过对不同省(区)玉米、小麦和豆粕的镁含量进行对比得知,不同省(区)同一种饲料原料中的镁含量存在显著差异(P<0.05)。根据全国各地猪、鸡常用的152个饲料配方所计算出的【Objective】The purpose of this survey was to investigate the distribution of magnesium contents in various feed materials from different regions in China,so as to provide scientific basis for reasonable supplement of magnesium in the diet.【Method】A total of 4054 samples of 37 kinds of feed materials for livestock and poultry were collected from 31 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China.After pretreatment,microwave digestion was performed and then the magnesium contents were determined by an ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(IC-ICP-MS).The One-Way ANOVA was used to analyze the magnesium content in different feedstuffs from the same category and some feedstuffs from different provincial(district)with SAS software,respectively.The differences in magnesium contents among different feedstuffs and different regions were compared.【Result】The distribution regulation of magnesium contents in various categories of feed materials was as follows:Mineral feeds(average magnesium contents were 12740 mg/kg)>vegetable protein feeds(average magnesium contents were 4335 mg/kg)>cereal by-products(average magnesium contents were 3275 mg/kg)>forage feeds(average magnesium contents were 2482 mg/kg)>straw feeds(average magnesium contents were 2346 mg/kg)>animal protein feeds(average magnesium contents were 1436 mg/kg)>cereal seeds(average magnesium contents were 1220 mg/kg).There were significant differences in magnesium contents among different feed materials from the same categories(P<0.05).In the cereals,the magnesium content in wheat or barley(1358 mg/kg)was the highest,while that in rice(1115 mg/kg)was the lowest.In the cereal by-products,the highest(5791 mg/kg)and lowest(387 mg/kg)magnesium contents were observed in rice bran and broken rice,respectively.In the vegetable protein feeds,the highest(6664 mg/kg)and lowest(2605 mg/kg)magnesium contents were detected in cottonseed meal and expanded soybean,respectively.As for animal protein feeds,the highest(3479 mg/kg)and lowe

关 键 词：饲料资源 镁含量 猪 鸡 

分 类 号：S816.35[农业科学—饲料科学]