激光熔覆熔池温度场及流场数值模拟研究进展  

Numerical Simulation on Temperature Field and Flow Field of Molten Pool in Laser Cladding

作　　者：罗佳勤 朱刚贤[1] 李加强 谢光耀 王丽芳 石世宏[1] LUO Jia-qin;ZHU Gang-xian;LI Jia-qiang;XIE Guang-yao;WANG Li-fang;SHI Shi-hong(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Soochow University,Jiangsu Suzhou 215137,China;Center of Engineering Training,Soochow University,Jiangsu Suzhou 215137,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学机电工程学院,江苏苏州215137 [2]苏州大学工程训练中心,江苏苏州215137

出　　处：《表面技术》2023年第4期67-84,共18页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52105387);国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1100300);中国博士后科学基金(2021M692349);江苏省普通高校自然科学研究计划(21KJB460019);“香江学者计划”(XJ2021032);苏州市科技计划项目(SYC2022143)。

摘　　要：简述了激光熔覆熔池的受力,包括表面张力、黏性剪力、重力以及保护气压力等,并从组织生长和熔池流淌对熔覆层的形成机理作了简要分析。同时,对激光熔覆仿真模拟中采用的不同热源模型的能量分布规律和方程进行了归纳,包括表面高斯热源、表面环形热源、高斯体热源、椭圆球热源、组合体热源等。在此基础上,分类评述了近年来国内外激光熔覆熔池温度场及流场的数值模拟方面的研究进展,并分析了各种热源模型的优势及不足,总结了不同热源的适用环境及获得的温度场、流场分布规律。此外,对熔池自由液面的研究方法进行了总结,归纳了温度场流场数值模拟模型的验证方法。同时,针对激光熔覆熔池数值模拟研究存在的问题,分别从数值模型、边界条件等方面进行了归纳,最后对其未来的发展方向进行了展望。The stress of laser cladding molten pool,including surface tension,viscous shear,gravity and shielding gas pressure,was briefly expounded,and the formation mechanism of cladding layer was briefly analyzed from the aspects of tissue growth and molten pool flow.Moreover,a reasonable heat source model was established to obtain accurate numerical simulation results.The energy distribution laws and equations of different heat source models used in laser cladding simulation were summarized,including surface Gaussian heat source,surface annular heat source,Gaussian body heat source,ellipsoid heat source,compound heat source,etc.Based on the depth analysis of their characteristics,the research progress of numerical simulation of temperature and flow fields of laser cladding pool in China and abroad in recent years was summarized respectively.In addition,the advantages,disadvantages and application scope of various heat source models were analyzed and the distribution laws of temperature field and flow field obtained by different heat sources were discussed,providing a reference for the selection of heat source models.Furthermore,the free surface of the molten pool directly determined the size profile of the cladding layer and the research methods of free surface of molten pool were summarized,including Level Set,Volume of Fluid,Coupled Level-Set with VOF,Phase Field,Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian,etc.By reviewing the research progress of free surface tracking,the advantages and disadvantages of various methods were clarified.Then,while establishing a reasonable numerical analysis model,it was also necessary to verify the model,so the verification methods of flow and temperature fields were described in detail,including measurement and non-contact measurement,as well as in-situ detection and non-in-situ detection.At the same time,numerical simulation technology is mature and simulation of temperature field and flow field of laser cladding is beneficial to revealing metallurgical dynamics of molten pool,but there are still

关 键 词：激光熔覆 温度场 流场 热源模型 数值模拟 

分 类 号：V261.8[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]