16份玉米自交系全生育期抗旱性鉴定与评价  

Drought tolerance evaluation of 16 maize inbred lines throughout the whole growth period

作　　者：李懿璞 苏治军[1,2] 高聚林 于晓芳[1,2] 王富贵 刘剑[2,3] 孙继颖 王志刚 胡树平 包海柱[1,2] LI Yipu;SU Zhijun;GAO Julin;YU Xiaofang;WANG Fugui;LIU Jian;SUN Jiying;WANG Zhigang;HU Shuping;BAO Haizhu(Agronomy Academy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China;Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Genetic Improvement of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China;Vocational and Technical College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014109,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区作物栽培与遗传改良重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,内蒙古包头014109

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2023年第3期88-95,共8页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300302-04);内蒙古农业大学高层次人才引进科研启动项目(NDYB2018-12);内蒙古农业大学科技成果转化专项资金动植物品种培育(选育)专项资助项目(YZGC2017005);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY19048);华北黄土高原地区作物栽培科学观测实验站(25204120)。

摘　　要：以16份玉米自交系为试验材料,通过比较其在全生育期水分胁迫和正常灌溉条件下农艺性状、产量性状和光合特性的差异,以抗旱系数为基本评价指标,采用逐步回归法建立最优回归方程,同时结合相关性分析、隶属度及聚类分析方法,对玉米自交系进行抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选。结果表明:水分条件对散粉吐丝间隔期、株高、穗长等11个性状具有显著/极显著影响,单穗粒重、散粉吐丝间隔期和穗长可作为玉米自交系抗旱性鉴定的次级性状筛选指标。利用次级性状抗旱系数的平均隶属度和旱情发生时期抗旱系数的平均隶属度两种方法对自交系抗旱性进行综合评价,结果完全一致的有11份;通过聚类分析,将16份玉米自交系分成4类,其中强抗旱型5份、抗旱型6份、中抗旱型4份、弱抗旱型1份。参试材料中,抗旱性最强的自交系为Si-287,最弱的自交系为X178。To explore the characteristics of maize response to drought stress during its whole growth period,the agronomic,yield and photosynthetic characteristics of 16 maize inbred lines were compared between drought stress and normal irrigation in this study.The optimal regression equation was established using the drought resistance coefficient as the primary evaluation index through a stepwise regression method.Additionally,the drought resistance of maize inbred lines was determined by combining correlation analysis,membership function,and cluster analysis to select indicator traits for drought resistance.The results showed that 11 traits such as anthesis silking interval,plant height and ear length had significant difference between water treatments.Kernel-weight per ear,anthesis silking interval and ear length were selected as secondary traits for drought resistance identification of maize inbred lines.The drought resistance of inbred lines was evaluated by two methods.One was by average membership degree of drought resistance coefficient of secondary traits;the other was by average membership degree of drought resistance coefficient of drought occurrence period.The 11 inbred lines of them had the same results.According to the two methods,16 maize inbred lines were divided into 4 groups by cluster analysis.Among them,5 were high resistance type,6 were resistance type,4 were of medium resistance type and 1 was of susceptible type.Si-287 was with the highest resistance inbred line and X178 was the most susceptible type.

关 键 词：玉米 自交系 抗旱性 散粉吐丝间隔期 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]