过氧化物酶体的稳态维持机制与膜接触位点  

Mechanism of Peroxisome Homeostasis and Related Membrane Contact Sites

作　　者：应淑敏 王静[2] 龚流娥 王教瑜[2] 孙国昌 YING Shu-Min;WANG Jing;GONG Liu-E;WANG Jiao-Yu;SUN Guo-Chang(College of Life Science,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,State Key Laboratory of Hazard Factors and Risk Control for Agricultural Products Quality and Safety,Hangzhou 310021,China;College of Life Sciences,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学生命科学学院,金华321004 [2]浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,杭州310021 [3]中国计量大学生命科学学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2023年第4期704-713,共10页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LZ20C1400001);浙江省科技计划(2021C02010,2022C02047);浙江省农业科学院生物健康融通计划资助项目。

摘　　要：过氧化物酶体是保守存在于真核生物中的一种细胞器,参与多种生化代谢过程,包括脂肪酸β氧化反应、活性氧的产生和降解等。过氧化物酶体在生物发生和应对环境胁迫过程中,通过数量和时空分布的规律性动态变化,实现质量控制,以维持其生化代谢的稳态,从而保持机体的正常生命活动。同时,作为真核细胞的代谢枢纽,过氧化物酶体功能的正常发挥与稳态维持需要与其他细胞器相互协作。过氧化物酶体膜接触位点在过氧化物酶体与各细胞器相互连接和交流中发挥着重要作用。近年来,过氧化物酶体稳态维持机制和膜接触位点的组成和功能成为国内外相关研究的热点,本文对相关研究的进展进行了综述。Peroxisome is a kind of organelle conserved in eukaryotes,which is involved in many biochemical metabolic processes,includingβ-oxidation of fatty acids,production and degradation of reactive oxygen species,etc.Peroxisome biogenesis has growth and division model and de novo biogenesis model,which involves the import of peroxisome matrix and membrane proteins.Under normal physiological conditions,the proliferation and degradation of peroxisomes are balanced.While the matrix protein and membrane proteins in the peroxisome are misfolded and excessively accumulated,or the peroxisome is under environmental stress,such as high reactive oxygen species(ROS)concentration was exhibited,the peroxisomes homeostasis will be unbalanced.In order to maintain homeostasis in the biogenesis process and environmental stress,the peroxisome through division and degradation for quality control.What’s more,peroxisome has evolved multiple degradation pathways,including pexophagy,the receptor accumulation and degradation in the absence of recycling(RADAR)depending on ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS)and so on.These pathways of peroxisomal degradation are significant for maintaining the integrity of cell structure and function.As the metabolic hub of eukaryotic cells,peroxisomes exchange substances and transmits signals with other organelles through peroxisomal membrane contact sites(MCSs),such as mitochondria,endoplasmic reticulum,lysosome and so on.These peroxisomal MCSs play a vital role in metabolic functions and homeostasis regulation,including lipid metabolism,peroxisome division,autophagy and other biological processes.In recent years,the maintenance of peroxisome homeostasis and MCSs have become research hotspots at home and abroad.The quantity change and spatio-temporal distribution of peroxisome are regularly dynamic to maintain the organism’s normal life activities,while the homeostasis imbalance of peroxisome will result in serious physiological dysfunction of cells.In humans,more and more diseases have been confirmed to be

关 键 词：过氧化物酶体 生物发生 过氧化物酶体稳态 膜接触位点 

分 类 号：Q26[生物学—细胞生物学] Q28