机械镀合金镀层的研究进展  

Research Progress of Alloy Coating Deposited by Mechanical Plating

作　　者：赵庆虚 张少波 王志斌 赵晓军[1] 王胜民[1] ZHAO Qing-xu;ZHANG Shao-bo;WANG Zhi-bin;ZHAO Xiao-jun;WANG Sheng-min(Faculty of Material Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Hebei Xiong'an Jingde Expressway Co.,Ltd.,Hebei Xiong'an 071700,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院,昆明650093 [2]河北雄安京德高速公路有限公司,河北雄安071700

出　　处：《表面技术》2023年第5期14-25,60,共13页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52161013)。

摘　　要：首先,概述了近年来国内外对机械镀合金层研究的发展历程,指出不同种类机械镀合金层在湿式与干式工艺中的研究难点,湿式机械镀研究主要集中于镀层形成机理、锌基复合镀层及表面活化剂等,干式机械镀主要集中于镀层的合金化及镀层合金材料的配制方面。其次,分析了2种不同工艺下合金镀层的形成机理及合金镀层的防腐机理,湿式镀层由金属粉依靠表面活性剂和沉积促进剂在先导金属的作用下稳定持续形成,从而在基体表面形成防腐屏障;干式镀层依靠合金包覆的丸粒高速喷射冲击基体而形成,合金层和其表面的氧化膜作为防护层。最后,基于合金镀层优良的耐蚀性能和机械镀工艺特点,给出了研究发展以合金粉为原料的湿式机械镀的倡议,并从活化与沉积稳定性、绿色与复合化、产业标准化等方向,提出了机械镀合金镀层在防腐材料领域的发展趋势及研究建议。Compared with chemical plating,electroplating,spraying,electrolytic deposition and hot dip plating,mechanically plated alloy layer has become a research hot spot in many industrial applications because of its low energy consumption,low environmental pollution,no hydrogen embrittlement and no annealing softening.In recent years,under the call of green environment protection,energy saving and emission reduction and the emphasis on surface protection of materials,the types of mechanical plating have been diversified and the application fields have been expanded.Firstly,starting from the classification of mechanical plating,the work examined the development history of mechanical plating alloy layer research at home and abroad in recent years,affirmed the research progress of mechanical plating alloy layer preparation in China,objectively outlined the gap between domestic and foreign research levels,and indicated the future development direction.The research on mechanical plating mainly focused on the mechanism of layer formation,zinc-based composite plating and surface activator,while the research on dry mechanical plating mainly focused on the alloying of the layer and the formulation of the plating alloy material.Secondly,the work analyzed and explained the formation mechanism of alloy plating and the anti-corrosion mechanism of alloy plating under two different processes.It mainly relied on the energy generated by the high-speed spraying of alloy-coated pellets into the bonding force between the plating and the substrate,and its anti-corrosion mechanism could generate a dense oxide film as a sealing barrier after the alloy layer was eroded.Finally,based on the excellent corrosion resistance of alloy plating and the characteristics of mechanical plating process,the initiative of research and development of wet mechanical plating with alloy powder as raw material was given,and the development trend of mechanical plating alloy plating in the field of anti-corrosion materials and research suggestions were put forward

关 键 词：机械镀 合金镀层 沉积 耐蚀性 防腐 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]