基于虚拟材料层和孪生有限元模型的机床主轴固定结合部动力学建模  

Dynamic modeling of fixed joint of machine tool spindle based on virtual material layer and twin finite element model

作　　者：杜新欣 张玮[1] 黄之文[1] 李孝茹[1] 朱坚民[1] DU Xinxin;ZHANG Wei;HUANG Zhiwen;LI Xiaoru;ZHU Jianmin(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学机械工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第9期11-18,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51775323);上海市科委科研计划项目(1706052600)。

摘　　要：针对主轴系统固定结合部传统弹簧阻尼单元法等效建模精度较低的问题,采用虚拟材料层法建立主轴系统固定结合部的孪生物理模型,对模型进行有限元分析计算,以虚拟材料层相关参数(弹性模量、密度、泊松比)作为输入,计算机床主轴的固有频率,并以此数据样本训练深度神经网络,建立主轴系统的孪生有限元模型。采用粒子群优化算法,以虚拟材料层相关参数为优化变量,以孪生有限元模型计算的理论固有频率与对应试验值的相对误差最小为目标函数,优化确定虚拟材料层的相关参数。以VMC850E型立式加工中心主轴的刀柄-夹头-刀具系统两个固定结合部为实例进行了建模、试验、参数识别等分析,分析结果表明,该方法是可行的、有效的,建模精度达到了1%以内。Here,aiming at lower accuracy of traditional spring damping element method for equivalent modeling of fixed joint of a spindle system,the virtual material layer method was used to establish the twin physical model of a fixed joint of a spindle system.The model was calculated and analyzed with finite element method.Relevant parameters of virtual material layer including elastic modulus,density and Poisson’s ratio were taken as inputs,natural frequencies of machine spindle were calculated,and a deep neural network was trained with the calculated data sample to establish the twin finite element model of the spindle system.The particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to optimizeand and determine relevant parameters of virtual material layer by taking relevant parameters of virtual material layer as variables to be optimized,and taking the minimum relative error between theoretical natural frequencies calculated using the twin finite element model and the corresponding test values as the objective function.Two fixed joints of tool handle-collet-tool system of spindle of VMC850E vertical machining center were taken as actual examples to perform modeling,tests and parameter identification,the analysis results showed that the proposed method is feasible and effective;the modeling error is less than 1%.

关 键 词：机床主轴 固定结合部 虚拟材料层 孪生有限元模型 参数识别 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TG502.1[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]