密植条件下玉米主要农艺性状的综合性分析  

Comprehensive analysis of main agronomic traits of maize

作　　者：董秀丽 韩登旭[1,3] 杨杰 阿布来提·阿布拉[1] 戴爱梅 李俊杰[2] 王业建 刘俊 郗浩江[1] 梁晓玲 李铭东[1] DONG Xiuli;HAN Dengxu;YANG Jie;Abuleti Abula;DAI Aimei;LI Junjie;WANG Yejian;LIU Jun;XI Haojiang;LIANG Xiaoling;LI Mingdong(Research Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology,Ecology and Cultivation,MOARA,Urumqi 830091,China;In Xinjiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Bozhou,Bole Xinjiang 833400,China;Xinjiang Crop Chemical Control Engineering Technology Research Center,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所/农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]博州农业技术推广中心,新疆博乐833400 [3]新疆作物化学调控工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第4期865-871,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：自治区重点研发计划项目(2021B02002-2);新疆农科院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-2020002);自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项(PT2031);自治区天山英才青年科技拔尖人才专项(2022TSYCJC0056);新疆维吾尔自治区玉米产业技术体系。

摘　　要：【目的】研究新疆北疆地区玉米品种密植条件下的株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粒数、穗粒重、脱粒含水量等主要农艺性状和产量的变化,找出该地区密植条件下玉米产量的主要因子,为筛选出适宜新疆北疆地区种植的耐密高产优质的玉米品种提供科学依据。【方法】采用北疆18个中熟玉米品种为材料,在10.5×10^(4)株/hm^(2)密度下,分析各参试玉米品种产量及主要农艺性状。【结果】在密植条件下各参试品种产量差异极显著;产量与行粒数(r=0.565^(*))、百粒重(r=0.485^(*))呈显著正相关;18个玉米品种的9个农艺性状可以解释85.6%的产量变异;优化后的线性回归方程为Y=-16.391+0.469 X_(6)+0.33 X_(8)。【结论】新疆北疆博州地区密植条件下选择玉米品种时,选择穗长稍长、穗粒重较大、百粒重较重且脱水快的品种,华西704,登海1707和华西917可作为新疆博州地区中熟春播地膜玉米栽培选择品种。【Objective】This project aims to find out the main factor under the condition of dense planting corn in the hope of providing a scientific basis for screening out the corn varieties with density resistance,high yield and good quality suitable for planting in northern Xinjiang through comprehensive analysis of major agronomic traits and yield,such as plant height,ear height,spike length,the number of ear,spike grain weight and threshing moisture of maize varieties in northern Xinjiang.【Methods】The yield and main agronomic traits of 18 medium-maturity maize varieties in northern Xinjiang were analyzed under the density of 105,000 plants/hm^(2).【Results】Under the condition of close planting,the yield of the tested varieties was significantly different.There was significant positive correlation between grain yield and row number(r=0.565^(*))and 100-grain weight(r=0.485^(*)).Nine agronomic traits of 18 maize varieties could explain 85.6%of yield variation.The optimized linear regression equation was Y=-16.391+0.469X_(6)+0.33X_(8).【Conclusion】When selecting maize varieties under dense planting conditions in Bozhou area of northern Xinjiang,the varieties with slightly longer ear length,larger grain weight per ear,heavier 100-grain weight and fast dehydration should be selected.There are other agronomic traits that need to be considered as they interact,among them,Huaxi 704,Denghai 1707 and Huaxi 917 can be used as medium maturity spring sowing mulch maize cultivars in Bozhou,Xinjiang.

关 键 词：玉米品种 产量 农艺性状 相关性 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]