弹用永磁直流力矩电机高频波动的优化设计  

Optimization Design of High-frequency Fluctuations of Permanent Magnet DC Torque Motor for Missiles

作　　者：王永嘉 郭建宁 张陶鹏 杨小青 WANG Yongjia;GUO Jianning;ZHANG Taopeng;YANG Xiaoqing(Shaanxi Aerospace Times Navigation Equipment Co.Ltd.,Baoji 721300,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西航天时代导航设备有限公司,陕西宝鸡721300

出　　处：《兵工学报》2023年第5期1365-1373,共9页Acta Armamentarii

摘　　要：永磁直流力矩电机在武器装备领域中应用广泛,为解决弹用永磁直流力矩电机感应电压和电流的高频波动问题,基于高频波动产生的机理,提出一种虚槽设计与优化电刷组件相结合的优化设计方法,使电机能够满足高频波动性能指标要求。虚槽设计能够增加换向元件个数,减小元件匝数,从而减小换向电流;在整流子内壁增加V形齿槽并优化转子成型工艺,便于转子生产。优化电刷组件包括:刷架结构优化、弹簧片优化、电刷头材料优选和电刷磨合工艺优化,以保证电刷的共面性、压力一致性并减少电刷头的磨损。对优化后的电机进行仿真和实验测试。研究结果表明,所提优化设计方法能够有效抑制高频波动,优化后的电机感应电压波动峰峰值降低75.23%,电流波动峰峰值降低76.77%,使电机满足设计指标要求。The permanent magnet DC torque motor is widely used in weapons and equipment field.In order to solve the high-frequency fluctuations of the induced voltage and current of the permanent magnet DC torque motor for missiles,based on the mechanism of high-frequency fluctuations,an optimization design method combining virtual-slot design and optimized brush assembly was proposed for the motor to meet the requirements of high-frequency fluctuation performance index.The virtual-slot can increase the number of reversing elements and decrease the number of turns of elements,thus reducing the reversing current.V-shaped grooves were added to the inner wall of the commutator and the rotor forming process was optimized to facilitate rotor production.The brush assembly optimization includes:brush frame structure optimization,spring leaf optimization,brush head material optimization and optimization of brush breaking-in technique to ensure the coplanarity,pressure consistency and wear reduction of the brush.The optimized motor was simulated and tested experimentally.The results showed that:the proposed optimization design method can effectively suppress the high-frequency fluctuations;the peak-to-peak value of the induced voltage fluctuation of the motor after optimization was reduced by 75.23%,and the peak-to-peak value of the current fluctuation was reduced by 76.77%,allowing the motor to meet the design requirements.

关 键 词：永磁直流力矩电机 高频波动 虚槽 电刷 感应电压 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]