天然气中痕量汞的检测方法研究  

Research on detection of trace mercury in natural gas

作　　者：韩中喜[1] 张凤奇 康晓熙 韩昭海 葛守国[1] 陈斌 张兰馨 HAN Zhongxi;ZHANG Fengqi;KANG Xiaoxi;HAN Zhaohai;GE Shouguo;CHEN Bin;ZHANG Lanxin(China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing,100083,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi an Shiyou University,Xi an,Shaanxi,710065,China;Nangong Kangli Electronics Company Limited,Xingtai,Hebei,051800,China;PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company No.3 Oil Production Plant,Yinchuan,Ningxia,750006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院,陕西西安710065 [3]南宫市康力电子有限公司,河北邢台051800 [4]中国石油天然气股份有限公司长庆油田分公司第三采油厂,宁夏银川750006

出　　处：《天然气与石油》2023年第2期39-45,共7页Natural Gas and Oil

摘　　要：受天然气成藏条件的控制,部分天然气可能含有一定量的汞。当天然气汞含量较高时,易导致天然气在低温处理过程中析出液态汞,汞的毒性和腐蚀性会给油气田生产带来安全隐患。随着天然气轻烃回收和液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)行业的不断发展,对天然气中汞的检测需求不断增长,尤其是对天然气中痕量汞的检测需求更加迫切。ISO 6978-2:2003 Natural gas—Determination of mercury—Part 2:Sampling of mercury by amalgamation on gold/platinum alloy和ASTM D5954-98 Standard test method for mercury sampling and measurement in natural gas by atomic absorption spectroscopy等标准虽已发布多年,但在中国的应用并不理想,一些关键性问题尚需进一步明确。为此,对高压采样和二次汞齐化等关键问题进行了分析研究。研究表明,高压采样尤其是管压下采样,对天然气中痕量汞的检测是必要的;对于干燥系数较高且干扰物影响较小的天然气,仅考虑一次汞齐化测定方法即可;对于干燥系数较低且干扰物影响较大的天然气,二次汞齐化甚至是多次汞齐化测定方法还是有必要的,汞齐化的次数取决于干扰物的影响是否去除干净。研究成果对于提高天然气中痕量汞检测结果的可靠性具有重要意义。Under the control of natural gas reservoir formation conditions,some natural gas may contain a certain amount of mercury vapor.When the mercury content of natural gas is high,it is easy to lead to the precipitation of liquid mercury in the process of low-temperature treatment of natural gas.Mercury is toxic and corrosive,and has caused many potential safety issues.With the development of natural gas light hydrocarbon recovery and LNG industry,the demand for the detection of mercury in natural gas is increasing,especially for the detection of trace mercury in natural gas.Although standards such as ISO 6978-2:2003 Natural gas—Determination of mercury—Part 2:Sampling of mercury by amalgamation on gold/platinum alloy and ASTM D5954-98 Standard test method for mercury sampling and measurement in natural gas by atomic absorption spectroscopy have been published for many years,their application in China is not ideal,and some key issues need to be further clarified.Therefore,the necessity of key operations such as high-pressure sampling and two-times amalgamation detection was analyzed.This research concludes that high-pressure sampling,especially at pipeline operating pressure,is necessary for the detection of trace mercury in natural gas.For super dry natural gas,the influence of interfering substances is small,the one-time amalgamation detection method would be sufficient.For less super dry natural gas,the influence of interfering substances is large,and the two-times or multiple times amalgamation detection method is necessary.The number of times of amalgamation is determined by whether the interference substance is eliminated.This research is of great significance to the improved reliability of trace mercury detection results in natural gas.

关 键 词：天然气 痕量 汞 检测 方法 

分 类 号：TE648[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]