白令海与楚科奇海鱼类营养级与营养生态位  

Trophic levels and trophic niches of fish from the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea

作　　者：付树森 宋普庆 李渊 李袁源 张然 张琥顺 王芮 林龙山 Shusen Fu;Puqing Song;Yuan Li;Yuanyuan Li;Ran Zhang;Hushun Zhang;Rui Wang;Longshan Lin(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xiamen,Fujian 361005)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]自然资源部第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《生物多样性》2023年第4期86-95,共10页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41876176);自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项基金(海三科2016011);极地考察业务化与科研(CHINARE2012–2020)。

摘　　要：受气候变暖的影响,北极海洋生态系统的内部结构正发生改变,其稳定性面临前所未有的挑战。鱼类作为北极海洋食物网中营养传输与转运的重要枢纽,了解其摄食习性以及种间营养关系是掌握食物网结构与功能变化的关键。本文基于中国第6次(2014年)和第8–11次(2017–2020年)北极科学考察拖网调查所获得的鱼类样品,利用稳定同位素技术对白令海与楚科奇海(Bering Sea–Chukchi Sea)海域鱼类稳定同位素比值大小、营养级范围和营养生态位宽幅与重叠进行了分析。结果表明,共捕获鱼类8科21属29种,所有鱼类样品的δ^(13)C均值为–19.36‰(–23.88‰至–15.78‰),δ^(15)N均值为16.16‰(11.80‰–20.37‰),营养级范围为2.42–4.62,均值为3.74。营养生态位结果显示,基本每种鱼类的营养生态位都与其他几种鱼类存在一定程度的重叠,但多数物种间并无完全重叠,保持一定的独特性。白令海北鳕(Boreogadus saida)校正后的标准椭圆面积(corrected standard ellipse area,SEAc)最大(SEAc=5.51);大西洋钩杜父鱼(Artediellus atlanticus)的营养生态位宽幅最小(SEAc=0.85)。本研究可为进一步研究北极海洋食物网结构以及深入分析北极海洋生态系统对气候变化的响应提供营养生态学基础。Aims:The internal structure of the Arctic marine ecosystem is changing and its stability is facing unprecedented challenges due to the influences of climate warming.Since fish are important resources for nutrient transport and transfer in Arctic marine food webs,understanding their feeding habits and interspecific trophic relationships is the key to grasping the changes occurring in the Arctic food web structure and function.This study was carried out to obtain basic biological information about fish in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea,as well as to provide reference for subsequent studies on trophic ecology.Methods:We analyzed the stable isotope ratio,trophic level range and trophic niche width and overlap of fish from the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea using stable isotope techniques based on fish samples obtained from the 6th(2014)and 8th to 11th(2017–2020)Arctic scientific expedition trawl surveys by China.Results:A total of 29 species of 8 families and 21 genera of fish were captured,and the mean δ^(13)C value of all fish samples was–19.36‰(–23.88‰to–15.78‰),the mean value of the δ^(15)N value was 16.16‰(11.80‰–20.37‰),and the total trophic levels ranged from 2.42 to 4.62,with a mean value of 3.74.The results of the trophic niches indicated that each fish species had some degree of overlap with several other species,but most species did not overlap completely with each other and maintained some singularity.Boreogadus saida had the largest corrected standard ellipse area(SEAc=5.51);Artediellus atlanticus had the smallest width of the trophic niche(SEAc=0.85).Conclusion:This present study provides basic background information on the trophic ecology in Arctic seas for further study of the food web structure and an in-depth analysis of the response of Arctic marine ecosystems to climate change.

关 键 词：白令海 楚科奇海 稳定同位素 鱼类 营养级 营养生态位 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]