固沙灌木林地土壤微生物群落特征对土壤多功能性的影响  

Effects of soil microbial community characteristics on soil multifunctionality in sand-fixation shrublands

作　　者：肖媛媛 冯薇[1,2] 乔艳桂 张宇清[1,2] 秦树高[1,2] Yuanyuan Xiao;Wei Feng;Yangui Qiao;Yuqing Zhang;Shugao Qin(Yanchi Research Station,School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《生物多样性》2023年第4期124-137,共14页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U22A20504,32071844,32001373);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(PTYX202222,PTYX202223)。

摘　　要：过去30年,毛乌素沙地采取飞播、禁牧等一系列生态恢复措施进行荒漠化治理,在改善区域生态环境方面取得了显著成效;然而,植被恢复后,土壤多功能性的变化情况仍不明晰,尤其是土壤微生物对土壤多功能性的影响缺乏深入认识。本文以毛乌素沙地同期建植的黑沙蒿(Artemisia ordosica)、北沙柳(Salix psammophila)和柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)3种固沙灌木林地土壤为研究对象,使用高通量测序技术测定了土壤微生物群落结构,采用平均值法量化了林地土壤多功能性并分析二者关系。研究结果显示:(1)3种固沙灌木林地土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷、微生物量碳、微生物量氮存在显著差异(黑沙蒿林地>北沙柳林地>柠条锦鸡儿林地),黑沙蒿和北沙柳林地土壤蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、土壤多功能性无显著差异,但高于柠条锦鸡儿林地;(2)黑沙蒿林地土壤微生物Chao 1指数、物种数、Shannon指数显著高于柠条锦鸡儿林地,柠条锦鸡儿林地土壤净种间亲缘关系指数显著低于其他两类林地,3种林地土壤微生物Shannon指数、系统发育多样性、网络拓扑性质(节点、边、边密度)及柠条锦鸡儿林地土壤净种间亲缘关系指数均与土壤多功能性呈正相关;(3)微生物参数对土壤多功能性的解释度从高到低依次为网络拓扑性质(24.46%)、物种多样性(19.72%)、谱系多样性(5.92%),土壤微生物多样性通过促进网络结构间接地对土壤多功能性产生正向影响。研究结果表明,不同灌木林地对土壤微生物参数和土壤多功能性影响不同,土壤微生物多样性通过正向调控微生物种间关系影响土壤生态系统功能。结果有助于从土壤微生物视角,理解以不同固沙灌木为优势种组成的植被群落对土壤功能的影响,并可为荒漠化防治植物种的选择提供理论依据。Aims:Over the past 30 years,a range of ecological restoration measures such as aerial seeding and grazing prohibition have been conducted for desertification control in the Mu Us Desert,and significant vegetation greenness have been achieved in improving the regional ecological environment;however,the changes in soil multifunctionality after vegetation restoration are still unclear,in particular the influence of soil microorganisms on soil multifunctionality.Methods:In this study,soils of shrublands established at the same time in the Mu Us Desert,and dominated by Artemisia ordosica,Salix psammophila,Caragana korshinskii,respecitively,were investigated.Soil microbial community structure was determined using high-throughput sequencing,and soil multifunctionality was calculated by the Z-score method.Results:There were significant differences in soil organic carbon content,total nitrogen content,total phosphorus content,microbial biomass carbon content,and microbial biomass nitrogen content among three shrub soils(A.ordosica shrubland>S.psammophila shrubland>C.korshinskii shrubland).Soil invertase activity,alkaline phosphatase activity,and multifunctionality were significantly higher in A.ordosica and S.psammophila shrubland than that in C.korshinskii shrubland.Soil microbial Chao 1 index,observed species number and Shannon index in A.ordosica shrubland was significantly higher than that in C.korshinskii shrubland.The net relatedness index of soil microbes in C.korshinskii shrubland was significantly lower than that in the other two types of lands.Shannon index,Faith’s phylogenetic diversity and network topology properties(nodes,edges,linkage density)in the three shrublands and the net relatedness index in C.korshinskii shrubland were positively correlated with soil multifunctionality.Soil microbial network topological properties,species diversity,and phylogenetic diversity explained 24.46%,19.72%,and 5.92%of the variation in soil multifunctionality,respectively.Structural equation modeling showed that soil microb

关 键 词：固沙灌木 共现网络 毛乌素沙地 土壤多功能性 微生物谱系多样性 微生物物种多样性 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]