应对方式在脑力劳动者职业紧张和抑郁间的中介作用  

The mediating role of coping styles between occupational stress and depression in brain workers

作　　者：易孝婷 李雪[1] 刘梦迪[1] 刘昕 李欣泽 巨珂珂 刘继文[1] YI Xiao-ting;LI Xue;LIU Meng-di;LIU Xin;LI Xin-ze;JU Ke-ke;LIU Ji-wen(Department of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 83001l,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2023年第2期111-116,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81760581);“十四五”重点学科-公共卫生与预防医学。

摘　　要：目的 了解脑力劳动作业者职业紧张和抑郁情绪的水平,并分析不同应对方式在二者之间的中介效应。方法 通过简便抽样方法调查脑力劳动人群,使用付出-回报失衡量(effort-reward imbalance,ERI)表、简易应对方式量表和抑郁自评量表对脑力劳动者的职业紧张、应对方式及抑郁水平进行调查。结果研究最终调查了1 591名脑力劳动者,抑郁检出率为24.26%,脑力作业者的ERI值、积极应对、消极应对和抑郁的得分分别为(1.02±0.41)分、(23.76±8.10)分、(10.35±6.47)分和(42.47±12.97)分。偏相关结果表明,消极应对与职业紧张和抑郁成正相关(rs=0.103、0.240,P<0.01),积极应对与职业紧张和抑郁成负相关(rs=-0.287、-0.413,P<0.01);回归结果显示,职业紧张对消极应对方式和抑郁有正向作用(b=18.786、1.970,P<0.05);应对方式在职业紧张对抑郁作用中存在中介作用,中介效应的作用值为0.113,效应占比为21.61%(P=0.007)。结论 应对方式在脑力劳动者发生职业紧张和抑郁之间充当中介角色,会间接影响抑郁的发生。Objective To understand the levels of occupational stress and depression in brain workers, and to analyze the mediating effects of coping styles between occupational stress and depression. Methods A simple sampling method was used to recruit 1 700 brain workers, and the occupational stress, coping style and depression levels of subjects were assessed using the effort-reward imbalance scale, the simplified coping scale and the depression self-assessment scale. Results Data of 1 591 subjects were included in the analysis. The prevalence of depression was 24. 26%, and the overall scores of ERI, positive response, negative response and depression were(1. 02±0. 41),(23. 76±8. 10),(10. 35± 6. 47) and(42. 47±12. 97), respectively. Biased correlation results showed that negative coping was positively associated with occupational stress and depression(rs=0. 103, 0. 240,P<0. 01), while positive coping was negatively associated with occupational stress and depression(rs=-0. 287,-0. 413, P<0. 01). Regression analysis showed that occupational stress had a positive effect on negative coping styles and depression(b=18. 786, 1. 970, P<0. 05);the coping style played a mediating role in the effect of occupational stress on depression, and the role value of the mediating effect was 0. 113, the proportion of effect was 21. 61%(P=0. 007). Conclusions Coping styles act as intermediaries between occupational stress and depression in brain workers, which indirectly affect the occurrence of depression.

关 键 词：脑力劳动者 职业紧张 应对方式 抑郁 中介效应 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]