武钢1号高炉炉缸破损调查及炭砖侵蚀机理  

Damage investigation of WISCO No.1 blast furnace hearth and mechanism of carbon brick erosion

作　　者：肖志新 李向伟 陈绪亨 王炜[3] XIAO Zhi-xin;LI Xiang-wei;CHEN Xu-heng;WANG Wei(Institue of Ironmaking Technology,R&D Center of Baosteel Central Research Institute(Qingshan),Wuhan 430080,Hubei,China;Ironmaking Plant,Wuhan Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430080,Hubei,China;School of Materials and Metallurgy,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430080,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]宝钢股份中央研究院炼铁技术研究所(青山),湖北武汉430080 [2]武汉钢铁有限公司炼铁厂,湖北武汉430080 [3]武汉科技大学材料与冶金学院,湖北武汉430080

出　　处：《中国冶金》2023年第4期87-96,共10页China Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974212)。

摘　　要：掌握武钢1号高炉炉缸的侵蚀状态,明确炭砖的破坏过程及其侵蚀机理,对指导高炉操作、延长高炉使用寿命具有重要意义。通过钻芯取样对武钢1号高炉炉缸开展了破损调查,采用化学分析、光镜、电镜等手段研究了炉缸残余炭砖的侵蚀特性。结果表明,武钢1号高炉炉缸整体呈“锅底”状侵蚀,近铁口区域的侵蚀相对非铁口区更加严重,自铁口中心线向下,残余炭砖的完好层长度逐渐变短,破损层长度逐渐变长。有害元素K在炭砖内的存在形式为硅铝酸盐,Zn和Na元素在炭砖内的存在形式主要为氧化物,Pb元素在炭砖内的存在形式为硫化物。沿着炉缸半径方向,残余炭砖的体密度先增大后减小,在有害元素富集区域达到最大。炭砖结构被破坏主要原因是热应力、有害元素的富集和铁水渗透。It is of great significance to guide the operation of blast furnace and prolong service life of blast furnace by mastering erosion state of WISCO No.1 blast furnace hearth and clarifying destruction process of carbon brick and its erosion mechanism.The damage of WISCO No.1 blast furnace hearth was investigated by drilling core samples.Erosion characteristics of residual carbon bricks in the blast furnace hearth was studied by chemical analysis,optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The results show that the overall erosion of WISCO No.1 blast furnace hearth is in the shape of"pot bottom",and the erosion near the taphole area is more serious than that in the non-taphole area.Down from the center line of the blast furnace taphole,the length of intact layer in residual carbon brick gradually becomes shorter,and the length of broken layer gradually becomes longer.The harmful element potassium is present in the form of silica-aluminates,zinc and sodium are present in the form of oxides,and lead is present in the form of sulfides in carbon bricks.Along the radial direction of furnace hearth,the bulk density of residual carbon bricks increases first and then decreases,and reaches the maximum in the enrichment area of harmful elements.The main reasons for the destruction of carbon brick structure are thermal stress,enrichment of harmful elements and iron penetration.

关 键 词：高炉 炉缸 破损调查 炭砖 侵蚀机理 有害元素 

分 类 号：TF573[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]