苏南水乡聚落景观基因变异机制及修复传承研究  

Study on the Genetic Variation Mechanism and Restoration of Water Village Landscape in Southern Jiangsu

作　　者：李晓颖[1] 张赟乐 LI Xiaoying;ZHANG Yunle

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2023年第5期91-98,共8页South Architecture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFD1100404):乡村植物景观营造及应用技术研究;2020年江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2020SJA0154):景观基因图谱视角下的乡土景观风貌构建研究——以苏南地区为例;江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(20181008)。

摘　　要：传统村落凝聚着中国传统文化的内在精神与外化表现,是文化传承与旅游开发的中介,研究其动态变化并据此探究有效传承策略有利于保护与挖掘其文化价值。以苏南水乡聚落为例,立足地理学景观基因理论,运用特征解构提取法对其进行基因识别,在此基础上进行景观基因变异特征分析并梳理提出其变异机制,归纳总结苏南地区传统村落的变异趋势。最后,从生物学基因变异角度将其概括为传承型变异、替换型变异、融合型变异、缺失型变异四种类型,并针对不同变异类型提出相应的修复传承策略,为现有传统村落保护的理论认知提供方法参考。Traditional villages carry the internal spirits and external manifestation of Chinese traditional culture,and they are bridges between cultural heritage and tourism development.Currently,these villages struggle with insufficient development and protection.Studying the dynamic changes of traditional villages and thereby exploring effective strategies for cultural heritage are conducive to the preservation and exploitation of their cultural value.In this study,traditional villages in southern Jiangsu were divided into architectural genes,cultural genes,environmental genes,and layout genes by the feature decomposition and extraction method based on the geographical landscape gene theory.Landscape genes were recognized and extracted based on element extraction,graph extraction,structural extraction,and meaning extraction.On this basis,the variation characteristics of landscape genes were analyzed.The interactive driving mechanisms of natural ecology,economical society,and ideological culture were analyzed by using them as the major driving factors.Natural ecology provides basic material sources for ecological society and ideological culture,whereas economical society and ideological culture offer positive or negative feedback to natural ecology.Moreover,as an endogenous driving factor,ideological culture interacts with economical society,which is used as the exogenous driving factor.Ultimately,the landscape genes of traditional villages in southern Jiangsu present the following variation trends:(1) Architectural genes:The hollowing of settlement is intensified and there exists serious wasting of ancient buildings,accompanied by the lack of an ancient appearance.Most buildings have been restored well under the protection policies of the government.New residential buildings have significant changes,which form a disadvantageous trend in terms of heritage.(2) Environmental genes:The overall landscape environment did not change obviously,except for some reduction of the water network.The production and living environment

关 键 词：风景园林 苏南水乡 景观基因变异 变异机制 修复传承 

分 类 号：TU-023[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU-024