穿心莲种质产量性状与药用成分分析  

Investigation of yield traits and medicinal components of Andrographis paniculata germplasm

作　　者：王雨霞 邹秀崽 李春雨 张可 梁梓珊 王宏斌 段礼新 靳红磊 沈奇 WANG Yuxia;ZOU Xiuzai;LI Chunyu;ZHANG Ke;LIANG Zishan;WANG Hongbin;DUAN Lixin;JIN Honglei;SHEN Qi(Institute of Physiology and Ecology of Medicinal Plants,International Institute of Translational Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine,School of Chinese Materia Medica,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学中药学院药用植物生理生态研究所/国际中医药转化医学研究所,广东广州510006

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2023年第3期100-108,共9页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31970261);广东省人才支持项目(2019TQ05N182)。

摘　　要：穿心莲(Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.)Nees)是我国传统的中药材,应用广泛。为了评价穿心莲种质的遗传多样性,收集了广东湛江和广西贵港两个主要产区的种质材料,对其产量性状和主要药用成分进行调查和分析。结果表明,同一来源穿心莲材料的产量性状及药用成分均呈现较大变异。产量性状中,单株生物量变幅最大为100~624 g,其余从大到小依次为叶片质量、叶面积、一次分枝数、生育期、株高。药用成分性状中,穿心莲内酯变幅最大为1.5385~6.5944 mg/g,其余依次为新穿心莲内酯、14-去氧穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯。供试材料分析发现种质纯和度差,具有显著的遗传多样性,为材料鉴选及遗传育种提供了丰富的材料基础。此外,相关性分析表明,穿心莲主要产量性状与主要药用成分含量间呈显著负相关。材料选育时需要注重产量性状和药用成分之间的平衡。最后,进一步按产量性状及药用成分指标进行聚类分析,筛选重要材料。本研究结果可为穿心莲的种质资源保护及良种选育提供育种研究材料基础。Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.)Nees is a traditional medicinal material and is widely used in China.In order to evaluate the genetic diversity of Andrographis paniculata germplasm,this study collected germplasm materials from two main producing areas in Zhanjiang,Guangdong and Guigang,Guangxi,and then investigated their yield traits and main medicinal components.The results showed that the yield characters and medicinal components of Andrographis paniculata from the same source showed great variation.Among the yield traits,the maximum variation of biomass per plant was 100~624 g,and the remaining coefficients of variation were leaf weight,leaf area,number of primary branches,growth period,and plant height in descending order.Among the properties of medicinal components,andrographolide has the largest range of 1.5385~6.5944 mg/g,and the rest are neoandrographolide,14-deoxyandrographolide,and deoxyandrographolide.The analysis of the tested materials found that the germplasm was poor in purity and degree,and had significant genetic diversity,which provided a rich material basis for material selection and genetic breeding.In addition,the correlation analysis showed that the main yield traits of Andrographis paniculata were significantly negatively correlated with the content of the main medicinal components.During material selection,attention should be paid to the balance between yield traits and medicinal components.Finally,further cluster analysis was carried out according to yield traits and medicinal components to screen important materials.The results of this study provide a breeding research material basis for the protection of germplasm resources of Andrographis paniculata and the selection of elite varieties.

关 键 词：穿心莲(Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.)Nees) 遗传多样性 产量性状 药用成分 相关性分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：Q37[生物学—遗传学]