江苏稻田轮作模式碳、氮足迹分析  

Analysis on carbon footprint and nitrogen footprint of paddy field rotation patterns in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：季国军[1,2] 纪洪亭 程琨 刘满强[1] 江瑜 胡正锟 张岳芳[5] 胡乃娟 唐若迪 胡锋[1] JI Guojun;JI Hongting;CHENG Kun;LIU Manqiang;JIANG Yu;HU Zhengkun;ZHANG Yuefang;HU Naijuan;TANG Ruodi;HU Feng(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Agricultural Economy and Development,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Hilly Area,Nanjing 210046,China;College of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,江苏南京210014 [3]江苏丘陵地区南京农业科学研究所,江苏南京210046 [4]南京农业大学农学院,江苏南京210095 [5]江苏省农业科学院资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2023年第3期510-521,共12页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：2022年度江苏省社科应用研究精品工程项目(22SYB-107);江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)项目(BE2022308-1)。

摘　　要：[目的]稻田通过排放温室气体和活性氮对生态环境带来影响,本文旨在系统分析江苏不同稻田轮作模式碳、氮足迹及其构成。[方法]以江苏新型经营主体为调查对象,利用生命周期评价方法定量分析江苏不同稻田轮作模式碳、氮足迹及其构成。[结果]不同稻田轮作模式单位面积碳足迹和单位面积氮足迹从高到低依次为稻麦轮作(18.22 t·hm^(-2)和139.54 kg·hm^(-2))、稻油轮作(13.20 t·hm^(-2)和101.65 kg·hm^(-2))、稻绿肥轮作(10.20 t·hm^(-2)和73.19 kg·hm^(-2)),单位产量碳足迹和氮足迹在不同轮作模式间差异不显著。不同稻田轮作模式单位面积碳、氮足迹存在区域差异,稻麦单位面积碳、氮足迹和稻油单位面积氮足迹从高到低依次为苏北地区、苏中地区、苏南地区,稻油轮作单位面积碳足迹和稻绿肥轮作单位面积碳、氮足迹在不同地区差异均不显著。对单位产量氮足迹而言,稻麦轮作单位产量氮足迹在不同地区差异显著,而稻麦轮作单位产量碳足迹、稻油和稻绿肥轮作单位产量碳、氮足迹在不同地区差异均不显著。不同轮作模式碳足迹主要来源CH 4排放和氮肥使用导致的碳足迹,占比分别为46.6%~50.7%和23.9%~25.2%。氮肥施用导致的氨挥发、氮素径流、氮素淋失及氮肥投入是不同稻田轮作模式氮足迹的主要来源,占比分别为52.2%~59.0%、14.6%~20.21%、8.7%~10.8%和7.8%~7.9%。[结论]稻油轮作和稻绿肥轮作模式是一种较为低碳和低氮的轮作模式,而考虑粮食安全,选择稻麦轮作模式优于稻油轮作和稻绿肥轮作模式。[Objectives]The ecological environment is affected by greenhouse gases and active nitrogen emitted from paddy fields.The aim of our study was to systematically analyze the carbon footprint and nitrogen footprint and their components of different paddy field rotation patterns in Jiangsu Province.[Methods]According to the survey of new business entities in Jiangsu Province,the carbon and nitrogen footprints and their components of different paddy field rotation patterns in Jiangsu were quantitatively analyzed by using a life-cycle assessment method.[Results]The carbon and nitrogen footprints per unit area of different paddy rotation patterns were in order of rice-wheat rotation(18.22 t·hm^(-2)and 139.54 kg·hm^(-2)),rice-rape rotation(13.20 t·hm^(-2)and 101.65 kg·hm^(-2)),rice-green manure rotation(10.20 t·hm^(-2)and 73.19 kg·hm^(-2))from high to low.The carbon footprint and nitrogen footprint per unit yield had no significant difference between rotation patterns.There were regional differences in carbon and nitrogen footprints per unit area of different paddy rotation patterns.The carbon and nitrogen footprints per unit area of rice-wheat rotation and nitrogen footprint per unit area of rice-rape rotation were in order of northern,central,southern Jiangsu from high to low.There were no regional differences in carbon footprint per unit area of rice-rape rotation and carbon and nitrogen footprints per unit area of rice-green manure rotation.For the nitrogen footprint per unit yield,the nitrogen footprint per unit yield of rice-wheat rotation was significantly different in different regions,while the carbon footprint per unit yield of rice-wheat rotation,and carbon and nitrogen footprints per unit yield of rice-rape rotation and rice-green manure rotation were not significantly different in different regions.The carbon footprint of different rotation patterns mainly came from CH 4 emissions and nitrogen fertilizer input,accounting for 46.6%-50.7%and 23.9%-25.2%,respectively.Ammonia volatilization,nitrogen runoff

关 键 词：稻田轮作模式 碳足迹 氮足迹 生命周期评价 

分 类 号：S19[农业科学—农业基础科学]