基于非均匀分簇的野外观测仪器网络路由协议研究  

Research on Routing Protocol for Field Observation Instrument Network Based on Unequal Clustering

作　　者：胡军 王磊[2] 火久元 刘梦[2] 巨涛 HU Jun;WANG Lei;HUO Jiu-yuan;LIU Meng;JU Tao(Gansu Yiwang Technology Network Technology Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Electronics and Information Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃亿网科技网络技术有限公司,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州交通大学电子与信息工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《软件导刊》2023年第5期136-143,共8页Software Guide

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61862038);兰州市人才创新创业项目(2021-RC-40)。

摘　　要：位于寒旱区的野外观测台站大部分部署在恶劣的自然环境下,导致信息获取能力差,严重阻碍了寒旱区科学研究的进展。针对寒旱区野外观测仪器网络在多跳路由中能量消耗不均匀,易造成“热点”问题,提出一种能量均衡的非均匀分簇路由协议EBUCR。该协议基于时序选举簇头,结合非均匀的竞争半径形成大小不一的簇,使得靠近基站的簇规模小,远离基站的簇规模大,靠近基站的簇头在簇内通信上节省的能量即可用来转发远离基站簇头的信息。该协议考虑了节点剩余能量、周围节点密度、距离基站的距离来选举簇头,使得簇头分布更加合理。同时,将混合粒子群算法应用到多跳路径搜索中,选择最优路径完成簇头间的信息传输,平衡簇头的通信能耗。仿真结果显示,EBUCR协议的网络生命周期为544轮,可有效延长网络生命周期。Most of the field observation stations in cold and dry areas are deployed in harsh natural environment,which leads to poor information acquisition ability and seriously hinders the scientific research in these areas.To solve the problem of"hot spots"caused by uneven energy consumption in multi hop routing of field observation instrument network,this paper proposed an energy-balanced unequal clustering routing protocol(EBUCR).This protocol select cluster head through time,and combine the heterogeneous competition radius to form the unique cluster,the cluster far away from the base station is smaller than the cluster size near the base station.In this way,the energy saved by the cluster head near the base station in the intra-cluster communication can be used to transpond the information of the cluster head far away from the base station.The protocol considers the residual energy of the nodes,the density of the surrounding nodes and the distance from the base sta‐tion to select the cluster heads,which makes the distribution of cluster heads more reasonable.Meanwhile,the Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm was applied to multi-hop path search,and the optimal path was selected to complete the information transmission among cluster heads,and the communication energy consumption of cluster heads was balanced.The simulation results show that the network lifetime of the EBUCR protocol is 544 rounds,which can effectively extend the network lifetime.

关 键 词：野外观测仪器网络 非均匀分簇 节点密度 混合粒子群算法 生命周期 

分 类 号：TP393.04[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]