土壤中微/纳塑料的生物健康效应和食物链传递风险  

Biological Health Effects and Food-chain Transfer Risks of Micro/Nano Plastics in Soil

作　　者：冯裕栋 杨杰 涂晨[1,2] 李连祯 李瑞杰 潘响亮 骆永明 FENG Yu-dong;YANG Jie;TU Chen;LI Lian-zhen;LI Rui-jie;PAN Xiang-liang;LUO Yong-ming(CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Environment,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所),江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]青岛大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266071 [4]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [5]浙江工业大学环境学院,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2023年第5期661-674,共14页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(41991330);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42177039,41877142);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDJ-SSW-DQC015)。

摘　　要：微/纳塑料污染已成为亟待解决的全球性环境问题。微/纳塑料进入土壤后会长期累积在土壤中,并对土壤生态系统健康产生不良影响。该文从土壤生物健康效应和食物链传递风险角度综述了近年来国内外土壤微/纳塑料调查研究进展,分类介绍了土壤中微/纳塑料对植物、动物和微生物的影响及在陆地生物和食物链中的传递,并展望了土壤中微/纳塑料的未来研究方向。该文指出,微/纳塑料广泛存在于不同功能的土壤中,可以被植物吸收和动物摄食,通过食物链传递进入人体。未来需要加强土壤中微/纳塑料污染过程与生物健康效应研究,加强对微/纳塑料在土壤生态系统和食物链中传递的风险评估,为土壤中微/纳塑料的监测、管控和治理提供科学指导和技术方法参考。Micro/nano plastics(MNPs)pollution has evolved into a global environmental issue that must be addressed.MNPs can enter the soil and accumulate in the soil for long-term and thus pose a potential risk to soil ecosystem health.From the perspectives of soil biological health effects and food chain risks,this paper reviews the research progress in the investigation of soil MNPs,discusses the effects of soil MNPs on plants,animals,and microorganisms,and summarizes the transport of MNPs in terrestrial organisms and the food chains.In addition,the future research directions of MNPs in soils are also prospected.MNPs exist widely in soils with different functions,and can be absorbed by plants,ingested by animals,and thus entering the human body through the terrestrial food chain.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the research on the pollution process and biological health effects of MNPs in soil,and to strengthen the risk assessment of MNPs in the soil eco-system and the food chain transmission,so as to provide scientific guidance and technical methodological reference for the monitoring,control and management of MNPs in soils.

关 键 词：微/纳塑料 土壤生态系统 生物健康效应 食物链传递 生态风险评估 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]