2022年全国水稻病虫害防控植保贡献率评价报告  

Evaluation of the Contribution Rate of Plant Protection on Control of Rice Crop Pestsin 2022

作　　者：刘慧[1] 卓富彦[1] 郭荣[1] 司兆胜 朱凤 曹申文 朱秀秀[5] 覃保荣[6] 徐翔[7] 刘万才[1] LIU Hui;ZHUO Fuyan;GUO Rong;SI Zhaosheng;ZHU Feng;CAO Shenwen;ZHU Xiuxiu;QIN Baorong;XU Xiang;LIU Wancai(National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center,National Agricultural Technology Integrated Innovation Center,Beijing 100125,China;Heilongjiang Plant Quarantine and Plant Protection Station,Harbin 150036,China;Jiangsu Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station,Nanjing 210013,China;Jiangxi Agricultural and Rural Industrial Development Service Center,Nanchang 330096,China;Hunan Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station,Changsha 410006,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Plant Protection Station,Nanning 530022,China;Sichuan Plant Protection Station,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]全国农业技术推广服务中心国家农业技术集成创新中心,北京100125 [2]黑龙江省植检植保站,哈尔滨150036 [3]江苏省植物保护植物检疫站,南京210013 [4]江西省农业农村产业发展服务中心,南昌330096 [5]湖南省植保植检站,长沙410006 [6]广西壮族自治区植保总站,南宁530022 [7]四川省植物保护站,成都610041

出　　处：《植物医学》2023年第2期18-26,共9页Plant Health and Medicine

基　　金：农作物病虫鼠害疫情监测与防治项目(2130108);“十四五”国家重点研发计划《稻飞虱灾变机制与可持续防控技术研究》(2021YFD1401100).

摘　　要：水稻是我国主要粮食作物,科学有效防控水稻病虫害是保产增收、减损增效的关键措施.为客观反映病虫害防控的成效和贡献率,全国农业技术推广服务中心组织黑龙江、江苏、江西、湖南、广西、四川6省(区)植保体系认真开展了水稻重大病虫害防控植保贡献率评价工作.通过统一设置严格科学防治区、统防统治区、农户自防区和完全不防治对照区,采用多点试验测产的方法,经科学评估,2022年全国水稻病虫害(不包括草害和鼠害)防控植保贡献率为19.46%.据此测算,共挽回水稻产量损失4141.90万t.统计结果表明,严格科学防治和统防统治情况下,防控植保贡献率分别比农户自防高8.97%和4.35%.Rice is one of the major grain crops in China.It is the key measure for prevention and controlling rice diseases and pests to ensure the rice yield and increase farmers income,reduce the yield losses and increase production efficiency.National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center(NATESC)organized the evaluation of the contribution rate of plant protection for rice crop in six provinces(autonomous region),including Heilongjiang,Jiangsu,Jiangxi,Hunan,Guangxi and Sichuan.The contribution rate of plant protection for controlling the insect pests and diseases of the rice crop was 19.46%assessed by the method of multi-point test with four treatments,strict prevention and control area,unified control area,farmers self-prevention area,and non-control area in 2022.According to the assessment,plant protection retrieved a loss of 4,141.90 million tons of rice.The results of statistical analysis show that the rates of strict prevention and control area treatment,unified control area treatment were 8.97%and 4.35%higher than that of farmers self-prevention area treatment,respectively.

关 键 词：水稻 植保贡献率 评价 

分 类 号：S435.11[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]