“玉露香梨”采前落果原因初探  

Preliminary Study on the Causes of‘Yulu Pear’Fruit Drop before Harvest

作　　者：纪心如 吴娜 薛涪 高欣 赵龙龙[2] JI Xinru;WU Na;XUE Fu;GAO Xin;ZHAO Longlong(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong Shanxi 030801,China;Pomology Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong Shanxi 030815,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院,山西晋中030801 [2]山西农业大学果树研究所,山西晋中030815

出　　处：《植物医学》2023年第2期36-42,共7页Plant Health and Medicine

基　　金：山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(2023CYJSTX07-18);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目:玉露香梨北疆地区冷棚种植关键技术研究开发与示范.

摘　　要：为了解“玉露香梨”采前落果特点及成因,本研究分别对迷向区、生草区、清耕区3个区的落果特点进行了分析.结果表明,“玉露香梨”采前落果主要由梨小食心虫(Grapholitha molesta)、黄粉蚜(Aphanostigma jakusuiense)、自然落果、鸟啄4种情况造成;3个区域中以梨小食心虫造成落果占比最高,为63.31%,其次为自然落果,占比34.43%,两者均显著高于黄粉蚜和鸟啄造成的落果;梨小食心虫是造成落果的主要原因并且边缘位置发生程度高于中心位置.本研究最后提出防止香梨落果的具体防治措施,可为“玉露香梨”虫害防治提供理论支撑.In order to understand the characteristics and causes of‘Yulu pear’fruit drop before harvest,the studies were carried out in three areas of sex pheromone disorientation area,grass growing area and clear tillage area.The results showed that the pre-harvest fruit drop in‘Yulu pear’was mainly caused by Grapholita molesta,Aphanostigma jakusuiense,natural fruit drop and bird pecking.In the three areas,the fruit drop caused by G.molesta was the highest at 63.31%,followed by natural fruit drop at 34.43%,both of which were significantly higher than those caused by A.jakusuiense and bird pecking.G.molesta was the main cause of fruit drop and the degree of occurrence in the edge position was higher than that at the center.This study proposed specific control measures to prevent the pear fruit drop,which could provide theoretical support for the pest control of‘Yulu pear’.

关 键 词：玉露香梨 落果 梨小食心虫 黄粉蚜 鸟啄 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]