贵州褐家鼠种群繁殖特征变化规律  

Variation of Population Reproductive Characteristics of Rattus norvegicus in Guizhou Province

作　　者：杨高乾 YANG Gaoqian(Planting Development Service Center of Bozhou District,Zunyi City,Guizhou Province,Zunyi Guizhou 563100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省遵义市播州区种植业发展服务中心,贵州遵义563100

出　　处：《植物医学》2023年第2期69-73,共5页Plant Health and Medicine

基　　金：贵州省遵义市首批市级人才基地建设项目(遵委〔2019〕69号);贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目(黔科合人才〔2015〕4019号).

摘　　要：摸清褐家鼠种群繁殖特征的变化规律对于其种群数量发生趋势预测及防治具有重要指导意义.本研究通过对贵州省遵义市播州区2016-2022年鼠情系统监测捕获的195只褐家鼠不同月份、不同季节、不同生境、不同年龄种群繁殖特征变化情况进行分析.结果表明,褐家鼠不同月份之间种群繁殖特征有所不同,平均种群性比为1.07,平均怀孕率为17.82%,平均胎仔数为7.22只,平均睾丸下降率为55.32%,平均繁殖指数为0.67.褐家鼠在春季、夏季、冬季出现3个繁殖高峰期,不同年龄组之间怀孕率、睾丸下降率、繁殖指数均随着年龄增长而逐渐增加,成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组是种群的繁殖主体,稻田区和旱作区褐家鼠种群繁殖能力明显高于住宅区,不同生境条件下其种群繁殖力不同.It is of great guiding significance to find out the variation law of population reproductive parameters of Rattus norvegicus for prediction of its population trend and control.In this study,the reproductive characteristics of 195 R.norvegicus captured in Bozhou district of Guizhou Province during 2016—2022 were analyzed in different months,seasons,habitats and ages.The results showed that the reproductive parameters of the population were different in different months.The average population sex ratio was 1.07,the average pregnancy rate was 17.82%,the average litter size was 7.22,the average testicular decline rate was 55.32%,and the average reproductive index was 0.67.There were three reproductive peaks in spring,summer and winter.The pregnancy rate,testicular decline rate and reproductive index of different age groups all increased with age.Adult group I and adult group IIwere the main reproductive bodies of the population,and the reproductive ability of R.norvegicus population in rice field and dry farming area was obviously higher than that in residential area.The population fecundity is different in different habitats.

关 键 词：褐家鼠 繁殖特征 变化规律 贵州 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]