中药马勃市场调查及止血活性  

Market Investigation and Hemostatic Activity of Chinese Medicinal Puffball Mushrooms

作　　者：李佳萦 毕雅琼 包海鹰[1] 李玉[1] LI Jiaying;BI Yaxiong;BAO Haiying;LI Yu(Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization&Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization(North),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,Jilin,China;Inner Mongolia Traditional Chinese&Mongolian Medical Research Institute,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学菌类中药资源开发与利用重点研究室,农业农村部北方食药用菌资源利用重点实验室,吉林长春130118 [2]内蒙古自治区中蒙医药研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2023年第3期50-59,共10页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：长江学者与创新团队发展计划项目(IRT1134);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302)。

摘　　要：笔者对国内几个大型药材市场的中药马勃进行调查,并比较大秃马勃(Calvatia gigantea)、紫色马勃(C.lilacina)和龟裂静灰球菌(Bovistella utriformis)水提物的止血活性。结果表明:采购的47份样品中,只有14份样品(占比30%)为《中华人民共和国药典》认定的中药马勃;其余33份样品为网纹马勃、栓皮马勃和龟裂静灰球菌,其中龟裂静灰球菌为本次调查中样品数量最多的物种(占比64%)。与空白组相比,大秃马勃、紫色马勃、龟裂静灰球菌组出血、凝血时间显著减少;大秃马勃组凝血酶原时间显著减少;大秃马勃、紫色马勃组凝血活酶时间、凝血酶时间显著减少;大秃马勃、龟裂静灰球菌组纤维蛋白原含量显著增加。大秃马勃、紫色马勃组凝血因子Ⅻ含量极显著增加;大秃马勃组凝血因子Ⅹ含量显著增加;紫色马勃组凝血因子Ⅷ含量显著增加;大秃马勃、龟裂静灰球菌组凝血因子Ⅶ含量显著增加。大秃马勃组t-PA含量极显著降低,PAI-1含量显著增加;紫色马勃组t-PA含量显著增加。研究结果可为中药马勃药材市场规范和资源利用提供参考。The taxonomic composition of puffball mushrooms on Chinese traditional medicine markets were investigated by taking samples from several major traditional medicine markets in China.Water extracts of Calvatia gigantea,C.lilacina and Bovistella utriformis were compared for their hemostatic activity in vivo.Bleeding time(BT)and coagulation time(CT)were determined by the tail-cutting method and the capillary method,respectively.Prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),thrombin time(TT)and fibrinogen(FIB)in plasma were determined by the hemagglutination assay.ELISA kit was used to measure the contents of coagulation factors in mouse plasma.The results showed that 47 random samples were collected from different markets,and only 14 samples(accounting for 30%)were identified to be Calvatia gigantea and C.lilacina,which were recognized puffball mushrooms in Chinese pharmacopoeia.The remaining 33 samples were Lycoperdon perlatums,Mycenastrum corium and Bovistella utriformis,and B.utriformis was the species with the greatest number of samples(accounting for 64%).Compared with the blank group,the water extracts of C.gigantea,C.lilacina,and B.utriformis reduced both bleeding time and clotting time significantly.The PT,APTT and TT of C.gigantea were significantly decreased.The APTT and TT of C.clilacia were significantly decreased.Fibrinogen was significantly increased in C.gigantea and B.utriformis treated mice.Coagulation factorⅫwas extremely significantly increased in C.gigantea and C.lilacina treated mice.C.gigantea water extract also resulted in a significant increase in coagulation factorⅩ,coagulation factorⅦ,PAI-1,and an extremely significant decrease in t-PA.C.lilacina water extract also resulted in a significant increase in coagulation factorⅧand t-PA.B.utriformis also resulted in a significnat increase in coagulation factorⅦ.This study provided a reference for standardizing the puffball mushroom markets in China and utilization of puffball mushroom resources.

关 键 词：马勃 市场调查 真伪鉴定 止血 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]