论近代香山买办向民族资产阶级的成功转型--兼论唐廷枢、徐润、郑观应等近代人物的历史地位  

On the Successful Transition of Xiangshan Compradors to National Bourgeois in Modern China--On the Historical Status of Modern Figures Represented by Tang Tingshu,Xu Run and Zheng Guanying

作　　者：张富强[1,2] Zhang Fuqiang(School of Law,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006;Institute for Social and Cultural Research,Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院,广东广州510006 [2]澳门科技大学社会和文化研究所,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第3期39-49,共11页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

摘　　要：唐廷枢、徐润、郑观应等近代香山买办群体,早期作为洋行买办,在助推外人侵蚀我经济利权方面无可否认地起过负面作用,但所幸他们在积累资本和经营经验之后能够幡然醒悟,当国家发起“外争利权”、“自图振兴”、“国强民富”洋务运动的历史关头,义无反顾地响应召唤,毅然放弃买办职业,迅速转型为近代首批中国有影响力的民族企业家、教育家和启蒙思想家,运用自己的智慧和力量,率先以具有独立人格的民族资产阶级的身份登临中国工业近代化的舞台,并在“官督商办”体制下成功建立“商主商务”的近代企业制度,在推进中国民族资本主义初期发展、中国民族资产阶级早期形成的进程中,留下了不可磨灭的印痕。Tang Tingshu,Xu Run,Zheng Guanying and other modern Xiangshan compradors of foreign firms played an undeniably negative role in assisting the foreign erosion of the national economic rights of Chinese people in the early days.However,they were able to regain their national conscience after accumulating capital and operating experience.When the country launched“the Self-Strengthening Movement”that advocated“contending for rights in foreign affairs”,“striving for self-revitalization”,and“strengthening the country and making the people rich”,they responded to the call without hesitation and resolutely gave up the occupation of compradors and quickly transformed themselves into the first batch of outstanding national entrepreneurs,educators and enlightenment thinkers in modern times.They first ascended onto the stage of China s industrial modernization as the national bourgeoisie with their wisdom and strength,and successfully established a modern enterprise system of“business autonomy”within the system of“merchants running business under the government supervision”.They left an indelible mark in the process of promoting the initial development of China s national capitalism and the burgeoning of China s national bourgeoisie.

关 键 词：近代买办 官督商办 商主商务 民族资本家 历史地位 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]