临界骨缺损动物模型评估骨组织工程支架成骨效能的价值  

Value of a critical bone defect animal model in evaluating osteogenic efficacy of bone tissue engineering scaffold

作　　者：熊伟 袁灵梅[2] 钱国文 黄锦阳 潘斌 郭灵 曾志奎 Xiong Wei;Yuan Lingmei;Qian Guowen;Huang Jinyang;Pan Bin;Guo Ling;Zeng Zhikui(Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,Jiangxi Province,China;Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330006,Jiangxi Province,China;Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Nanchang 330013,Jiangxi Province,China;National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Solid Preparations,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,Jiangxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学,江西省南昌市330004 [2]江西中医药大学附属医院,江西省南昌市330006 [3]江西理工大学,江西省南昌市330013 [4]江西中医药大学中药固体制剂制造技术国家工程研究中心,江西省南昌市330004

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2023年第35期5714-5720,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81960880),项目负责人:曾志奎;江西中医药大学科技创新团队(CXTD22009);江西省临床医学中心(20212BCG74004)。

摘　　要：背景:临界骨缺损的修复一直是创伤骨科医师面临的临床难题。随着临床技术与生物材料的发展,Ilizarov,Masquelet以及骨组织工程等技术正逐步取代传统自体骨及同种异体骨移植术成为骨修复领域的研究热点。其中尤以骨组织工程支架最具发展潜力,但在骨组织工程支架正式应用于临床前,进行大量基础研究必不可少,而动物实验意义最大,因此选择合适的临界骨缺损动物实验模型对验证骨组织工程支架成骨效能非常重要。目的:系统总结不同种类临界骨缺损动物模型的优缺点,评估各类骨组织工程支架在临界骨缺损动物模型中的成骨效能。方法:检索中国知网、万方、Web of Science、Cochrane Library和PubMed数据库,中文检索词为“骨缺损,动物模型,骨组织工程,支架,骨修复,骨再生”,英文检索词为“Bone defects,Animal models,Bone tissue engineering,scaffolds,Bone repair,Bone regeneration”,最终将临界骨缺损动物模型和其应用于评估骨组织工程支架成骨效能的相关实验研究文献62篇进行综述。结果与结论:①目前关于临界骨缺损的具体定义仍不明确,各类骨缺损动物模型如何建立临界缺损尚未取得共识。②检索迄今发表建立的小鼠、大鼠、兔、猪、犬和羊临界骨缺损动物模型文章,发现国内外学者在建立临界骨缺损模型时基本遵循骨缺损大小为实验期间内无法自愈的原则,但在具体数值上则存在不一。③大鼠颅骨、股骨和兔股骨髁为较合适的临界骨缺损模型部位选择,二者具有来源广泛、实验环境要求低、容易饲养、造模成本低和可操作性强等优点,适合大规模造模。但与绵羊和猪等大动物相比,存在骨骼偏小、骨组织成分与人体骨存在一定差异性、难以完全模拟人体骨愈合过程的缺点。④骨组织工程支架在进行细胞实验评估生物相容性及成骨活性后,可借助稳定的临界骨缺损动�BACKGROUND:The repair of critical size bone defects has always been a challenge clinical problem for trauma orthopedic surgeons.With the development of clinical techniques and biomaterials,Ilizarov,Masquelet and bone tissue engineering techniques are gradually replacing the traditional autologous and allogeneic bone transplantation to become the research hotspots in the field of bone repair.Among them,bone tissue engineering scaffolds have the greatest potential for development.But a lot of basic research is necessary before the formal clinical application of bone tissue engineering scaffolds,and animal experiments are the most important.Therefore,it is very important to select an appropriate animal model of critical bone defects for testing the osteogenic efficacy of bone tissue engineering scaffolds.OBJECTIVE:To systematically summarize the advantages and disadvantages of different types of animal models of critical bone defects and to evaluate the osteogenic efficacy of various types of bone tissue engineering scaffolds in the animal models of critical bone defects.METHODS:CNKI,WanFang,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and PubMed were searched for relevant literature.Search terms included“bone defects,animal models,bone tissue engineering,scaffolds,bone repair,bone regeneration”in Chinese and English.A total of 62 articles addressing the animal models of critical bone defects and their application to evaluate the osteogenic efficacy of bone tissue engineering scaffolds were included for further review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The specific definition of critical bone defects is still unclear and there is no consensus on how to establish critical defects in various animal models of bone defects.By searching the published articles about the establishment of critical bone defect animal models in mice,rats,rabbits,pigs,dogs and sheep,we found that domestic and foreign scholars basically followed the principle that the size of the bone defect that could be not self-healing during the experimental period is selected

关 键 词：骨缺损 动物模型 评估 骨组织工程 支架 骨移植物 骨修复 骨再生 成骨效能 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R363[医药卫生—临床医学] R364