黄颡鱼源温和气单胞菌的分离鉴定及中草药体外抑菌效果研究  

Isolation and identification of Aeromonas sobria from Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and the antibacterial effect of Chinese herbal medicines in vitro

作　　者：侯廷龙 刘惠茹 李春涛[1] 王庆容[1] HOU Ting-long;LIU Hui-ru;LI Chun-tao;WANG Qing-rong(School of Biology and Agricultural Science and Technology,Zunyi Normal University,Zunyi 563000,Guizhou,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture,College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;Institute of Hydrobiology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义师范学院生物与农业科技学院,贵州遵义563000 [2]天津农学院水产学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300392 [3]暨南大学水生生物研究中心,广州510632

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2023年第3期39-45,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：贵州省教育厅项目(黔教合KY字[2019]050号)。

摘　　要：为探明遵义金鼎镇合江源养殖场患病黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)的致病原因,通过对患有腹水、鳍条充血和游动缓慢等症状的黄颡鱼进行了病原菌分离纯化,得到纯培养菌株MLT-1,经过回归感染证实其为黄颡鱼的致病菌,经生理生化和16S rDNA鉴定为温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria)。同时采用乙醇提取法获得30种中草药醇提物,固体培养基打孔测试中药醇提物对MLT-1的抑菌作用,结果显示:诃子、大黄、烟叶、樟叶、桑白皮5种中草药对MLT-1的抑菌效果较好,诃子和大黄的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(MBC)均为0.49 mg/mL,烟叶的MIC和MBC均为0.98 mg/mL,樟叶和桑白皮抑杀温和气单胞菌效果相同,MIC和MBC分别为0.195 mg/mL和3.91 mg/mL。结果表明诃子、大黄、烟叶、樟叶、桑白皮5种中草药可用于防治黄颡鱼温和气单胞菌细菌病。A strain(MLT-1)was obtained by isolating and purifying the diseased fish with symptoms such as ascites,hyperemia of fins and slow swimming.The strain MLT-1 was determined to be the pathogen of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco by an artificial infection test and was identified as Aeromonas sobria by physiological and biochemical characteristics or 16S rDNA sequence in this study.The ethanol extraction method was used to obtain ethanol extracts from 30 Chinese herbal medicines.The solid medium was punched to test the antibacterial efficacy of ethanol extracts of Chinese herbal medicines against the strain MLT-1.The results showed that ethanol extracts of five Chinese herbal medicines(Terminalia chebula,Rheum palmatum,Nicotiana tabacum,Passiflora laurifolia and Morus alba)were remarkable antibacterial efficacy.The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs)and minimum bactericidal concentrations(MBCs)of these five Chinese herbal medicines ethanol extracts against the strain MLT-1 were investigated.The results showed that the MIC and MBC of T.chebula and R.palmatum ethanol extracts against A.sobria were both 0.49 mg/mL,respectively.The MIC and MBC of N.tabacum against A.sobria were 0.98 mg/mL.P.laurifolia and M.alba ethanol extracts showed the same antibacterial efficacy against A.sobria,with MIC and MBC of 0.195 mg/mL and 3.91 mg/mL,respectively.These five plant extracts above are potential sources of botanical drugs for controlling A.sobria infection in P.fulvidraco.These findings provide data support for Chinese herbal medicines to prevent and treat bacterial diseases of P.fulvidraco.

关 键 词：黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) 温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria) 中草药 抑菌作用 

分 类 号：S941[农业科学—水产养殖]