涡轮叶顶泄漏控制研究进展  

Research Progress of Turbine Tip Leakage Control

作　　者：傅力宏 张雪辉[2,3] 陈海生 王星[2,3] 张金凤 周鑫[2,3] 秦伟 FU Lihong;ZHANG Xuehui;CHEN Haisheng;WANG Xing;ZHANG Jinfeng;ZHOU Xin;QIN Wei(National Research Center of Pumps,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Engineering Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学国家水泵及系统工程技术研究中心,镇江212013 [2]中国科学院工程热物理研究所,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2023年第5期1177-1198,共22页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51925604,No.52106278)。

摘　　要：通过归纳国内外涡轮叶顶泄漏控制研究,总结了轴流、向心涡轮采用的叶顶泄漏控制方法及取得的研究进展,分析了不同控制方法的特点和不足,最后对涡轮叶顶泄漏控制方法的发展趋势进行了展望。目前,带冠轴流涡轮叶顶泄漏控制方法除了传统的迷宫密封,还有蜂窝密封、干气密封等;不带冠轴流涡轮控制方法种类较多,可细分为主动控制方法和被动控制方法;开式和半开式向心涡轮控制方法目前仅有叶型优化和机匣开槽;闭式向心涡轮控制方法较为单一,以迷宫密封为主。轴流涡轮中多种泄漏控制方法耦合具有较好的应用前景;开式和半开式向心涡轮中综合有效的叶顶泄漏控制方法,以及闭式向心涡轮轮盖空腔非设计工况和非定常工况下的泄漏特性有待进一步研究。By reviewing the domestic and foreign researches on the tip leakage control of turbine rotors,the tip leakage control methods used in axial turbines and radial inflow turbines were summarized,and the characteristics and deficiencies of different control methods were analyzed.Finally,the development trend of blade tip leakage control methods was prospected.At present,in addition to the traditional labyrinth seal,the tip leakage control method of the shrouded axial turbine includes honeycomb seal,dry gas seal,etc.There are many control methods for unshrouded axial turbines,which can be divided into active control methods and passive control methods.The control methods of the unshrouded radial inflow turbine currently only have blade profile optimization and casing groove.The control methods of the shrouded inflow turbine are relatively simple,mainly labyrinth seal.The coupling of multiple leakage control methods in axial turbine has good application prospects.The comprehensive and effective tip leakage control methods in unshouded radial inflow turbines,and the leakage characteristics of shrouded radial inflow turbine under off-design conditions and unsteady conditions need to be further investigated.

关 键 词：轴流涡轮 向心涡轮 叶顶泄漏流 叶冠 控制方法 

分 类 号：TK14[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]