气垫调压室联合单向塔的停泵水锤防护研究  

Research on Pump Failure Water Hammer Protection of Air Cushion Surge Chamber and One-way Surge Tank

作　　者：赵立杨 冯梦雪[2] 李昊[3] 俞晓东[1] ZHAO Li-yang;FENG Meng-xue;LI Hao;YU Xiao-dong(College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;China Water Resources Pearl River Planning,Surveying&Designing Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510611,China;Jilin Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute,Changchun 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [2]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,广东广州510611 [3]吉林省水利水电勘测设计研究院,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2023年第5期81-84,47,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52179062)。

摘　　要：针对某长距离、大流量、高扬程泵站加压供水工程,对事故停泵进行模拟。结合工程地形特征,提出采用气垫调压室和单向塔联合防护的方法,并结合管道压力控制要求,对泵后阀门关闭规律及调压室阻抗孔径进行敏感性分析。结果表明,气垫调压室可有效防护停泵水锤及泵后阀快速关闭产生的关阀水锤,单向塔解决了气垫调压室持续补水导致的局部高点低压问题,保护了高点管段安全。联合防护方案可显著减小气垫调压室体积,节约工程成本。另外,泵后阀关闭规律及气垫调压室阻抗孔面积对管道的水锤压力影响较大,关阀过快或阻抗孔口面积过大会导致管道正压超标;关阀过慢或阻抗孔口面积过小会导致管道出现较大负压,具体工程需结合过渡过程模拟进行优化,对于本工程,经过模拟优化,阻抗孔口直径取0.8 m,泵后阀采用5 s直线关闭,结果可满足调保计算要求。For the pressurized water supply project of a long distance,large flow and high lift pumping station,the pump trip was simulated.Combined with the characteristics of the engineering terrain,the combined protection method of air-cushion surge chamber and one-way surge tank was proposed.And then the sensitivity analysis of the closing rule of the valve after the pump and the throttle orifice of the surge chamber was carried out according to the requirements of pipeline pressure control.The results show that the air cushion surge chamber could effectively protect the water hammer of the pump trip and the water hammer of valve shutdown caused by the rapid closure of the pump valve.The one-way surge tank solved the problem of local high pressure caused by the continuous water refill of the air cushion surge chamber,and protected the safety of the high point pipe section.The combined protection scheme could significantly reduce the volume of air cushion surge chamber and saved the engineering cost.In addition,the closing rule of the pump valve and the throttle orifice area of the air cushion surge chamber has a great impact on the water hammer pressure of the pipeline.Too fast valve closing or too large throttle orifice area will lead to the positive pressure of the pipeline exceeding the standard.Too slow valve closing or too small throttle orifice area will lead to large negative pressure in the pipeline.The specific project needs to be optimized in combination with transition process simulation.For this project,after simulation and optimization,the diameter of the throttle orifice was 0.8m,and the valve of the pump was closed by 5s straight line,and the results met the requirements of regulation guarantee calculation.

关 键 词：长距离供水工程 过渡过程 事故停泵 水锤防护 气垫调压室 

分 类 号：TV674[水利工程—水利水电工程]