镁铝层状双金属氢氧化物对水体中钒吸附的性能  

Properties of Mg-Al Layered Double Metal Hydroxide for Vanadium Adsorption in Water Body

作　　者：麻梦梦 周丹[1] 秦天 梁梦梦 马中建 MA Mengmeng;ZHOU Dan;QIN Tian;LIANG Mengmeng;MA Zhongjian(College of Ecology and Environment,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Pangang Group Mining Co.,Ltd.,Panzhihua 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学生态环境学院,四川成都610059 [2]攀钢集团矿业有限公司,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《净水技术》2023年第5期116-121,共6页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：四川省科技计划(2021YFQ0066)。

摘　　要：随着我国工业的快速发展,钒污染问题日益突出。为了更好地处理水体环境中钒污染问题,本试验采用共沉淀法合成镁铝层状双金属氢氧化物(Mg-Al LDHs),通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)3种表征手段对材料进行表征分析。结果表明,Mg-Al LDHs结构完整,结晶度较高,有良好的层状结构,符合典型的水滑石结构。另外,还对吸附剂与钒的等温吸附和吸附动力学进行了研究。等温吸附试验表明,Mg-Al LDHs对钒吸附的等温吸附曲线与Freundlich模型更为相符,对钒的最大吸附量达到394.64 mg/g,表明Mg-Al LDHs对钒的吸附行为发生了非均质分布多吸附位点吸附。吸附动力学试验表明,准二级动力学模型能够更好地描述Mg-Al LDHs对钒的吸附行为,说明吸附反应速率的控制步骤为化学反应过程。对比其他类型的吸附剂,Mg-Al LDHs对钒具有极高的吸附能力,且绿色环保,对治理阴离子形态钒污染水体具有极高的应用潜力。With the rapid development of industry at home,the problem of vanadium pollution has become increasingly prominent.In order to better deal with the problem of vanadium pollution in water environment,Mg-Al layered double metal hydroxides(Mg-Al LDHs)was synthesized by coprecipitation method.The materials was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).Results showed that Mg-Al LDHs had complete structure,high crystallinity and good layered structure,which conformed to the typical hydrotalcite structure.Isothermal adsorption and adsorption kinetic of vanadium on adsorbent were studied.Isothermal adsorption experiments showed that the isothermal adsorption curve of Mg-Al LDHs on vanadium was more consistent with the Freundlich model,and the maximum adsorption capacity of vanadium reached 394.64 mg/g,indicated that the adsorption of vanadium was on the heterogeneously distributed sorption sites on Mg-Al LDHs surface.The adsorption kinetics experiments showed that the quasi-second-order kinetic model could better describe the adsorption behavior of Mg-Al LDHs on vanadium,indicated that the control step of adsorption reaction rate was chemical reaction process.Compared with other types of adsorbents,Mg-Al LDHs has high adsorption capacity for vanadium,and is environmentally friendly,which has high application potential for the treatment of water body polluted by anionic vanadate.

关 键 词：镁铝层状双金属氢氧化物 共沉淀法 吸附 钒 环境水体 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]