论商代中后期的北土经略--以北京平谷刘家河墓葬遗存为中心的考察  

The Governance of the Shang Kingdom over Northern Earth:An Investigation Centered on the Remains of Liujiahe Tomb in Pinggu,Beijing

作　　者：王坤鹏[1] Wang Kunpeng

机构地区：[1]吉林大学中国史学系,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2023年第3期46-54,共9页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“商周时期北方地区出土资料与族群形态整合研究”(22BZS005)。

摘　　要：礼制在早期政治统治中发挥着基础作用,刘家河墓葬所出青铜礼器系统可作为判断其与商王国之间存在政治统辖关系的关键证据。刘家河铜器群数量多且具组合关系,与商礼器属同一系统,具有礼器功能。墓中所出铁刃铜钺亦具礼器性质,其时王赐地方贵族以钺即赋予其管理地方之职权。刘家河墓主活跃于商代前后期转进之际,商核心区由今郑州—洛阳一线徙至安阳地区,商王国重新规划王畿区并向北扩展,与太行山两侧及燕山南北的族群建立了密切联系,由内至外形成了面、块、点相结合的疆域经略方式。商王国通过刘家河这类据点与北方地区展开了广泛的物质、文化交流。商代后期的燕山南麓地区一直活跃着一批臣属于商的地方贵族。商在燕南地区的政治控制虽在范围及强度上存有变化,但从未缺席。这也为其后周王国在这一地区进行分封奠定了文化、政治与经济基础。The ritual system played a fundamental role in the early government.The bronze ritual system of Liujiahe Tomb which resemble the Shang sacrificial vessel can be used as the key evidence to judge its relationship with Shang Kingdom.The bronze Yue with an iron blade from Liujiahe's tomb was also of the nature of a ritual vessel.At that time,the king gave the local nobles Yue meant giving them the power to manage the place.The master of the tomb of Liujiahe was active at the turn of the early and late Shang dynasty.While moving the kingdom's capital,the Shang expanded northbound and established close contacts with the ethnic groups on both sides of the Taihang Mountains and Yanshan Mountains.Thus a territorial strategy combining surface,block,and point formed.The Shang Kingdom developed extensive material and cultural exchanges with the northern regions through such strongholds as Liujiahe.In the late Shang dynasty,there had been a group of active local nobles belonging to the Shang dynasty in the southern foot of the Yanshan Mountains.The Shang Kingdom always has political control over the southern foothills of the Yanshan Mountains.This also laid the cultural,political,and economic foundation for the subsequent enfeoffment of the Zhou Kingdom in this region.

关 键 词：刘家河墓葬 商代 北土 疆域 

分 类 号：K224[历史地理—历史学]