果树枝条力学特性对比  

Comparison on Mechanical Properties of Fruit Tree Branches

作　　者：张莉 李震 刘京蕊 李传友 滕飞 熊波 高娇 李志强 ZHANG Li;LI Zhen;LIU Jingrui;LI Chuanyou;TENG Fei;XIONG Bo;GAO Jiao;LI Zhiqiang(Beijing Agricultural Machinery Experiment Appraisal Popularize Station,Beijing 100079,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农业机械试验鉴定推广站,北京100079

出　　处：《农业工程》2023年第2期49-52,共4页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：2022年生态建设项目“厨余垃圾与农林废弃物协同处置机械化技术试验示范”(11000022T000000492434)。

摘　　要：为了评价现有典型果树枝条粉碎机对桑树、桃树、樱桃树3种果树枝条的适应性,围绕3种果树枝条开展力学特性对比研究。主要测定了冬剪期3种枝条不同直径的拉伸、剪切和压缩的破坏应力和强度,确定了不同直径、品种对枝条力学特性的影响。试验结果表明,3种枝条单位直径拉伸力、单位直径剪切力与轴向抗压强度均随样本直径增加而增加;在一定含水率和直径条件下,桑树枝条的单位直径拉伸力(164.36 N/mm)、剪切力(105.74 N/mm)与轴向抗压强度(6.45 MPa)均最大,樱桃树枝条的相应参数均最小。测试结果为确定切割各类枝条所需的切割力、切割刀片和切割方式等提供理论依据和技术参数,对低能耗、高效率的果树枝条粉碎机设计及选择具有重要的指导意义。Mechanical characteristics of mulberry,peach and cherry branches were tested and analyzed to evaluate adaptability of existing typical fruit branch shredders to mulberry,peach and cherry branches.Experimental research was conducted on measuring stretch force,shear force and compressive strength of three kinds of branches with different diameters in winter pruning period.Influence of diameter and variety on mechanical characteristic was determined.Results showed that stretch force per unit diameter,shear force per unit diameter and axial compression strength of three branches increased with sample diameter.Under certain moisture content and diameter conditions,mulberry branches had the largest stretch force per unit diameter(164.36 N/mm),shear force per unit diameter( 105.74 N/mm) and axial compression strength( 6.45 MPa),followed by peach branches and cherry branches.The research could provide theoretical basis and technical parameters for determining cutting force,cutting blade and cutting mode required for cutting various branches,and has important guiding significance for design and selection of low energy consumption and high efficiency fruit tree branch shredder.

关 键 词：果树枝条 力学特性 粉碎机 桑树 桃树 樱桃树 

分 类 号：S224[农业科学—农业机械化工程]