Efficient photocatalysis of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC-HCl) from pharmaceutical wastewater using AgCl/ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4) composite under visible light: Process and mechanisms  

作　　者：Chenman Ding Qiurong Zhu Bei Yang Evangelos Petropoulos Lihong Xue Yanfang Feng Shiying He Linzhang Yang 

机构地区：[1]College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210018,China [2]Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210018,China [3]School of Engineering,Newcastle University,Newcastle upon Tyne NE17RU,UK [4]School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210018,China

出　　处：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》2023年第4期249-262,共14页环境科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41771295)。

摘　　要：AgCl/ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4), a visible light activated ternary composite catalyst, was prepared by combining calcination, hydrothermal reaction and in-situ deposition processes to treat/photocatalyse tetracycline hydrochloride(TC-HCl) from pharmaceutical wastewater under visible light. The morphological, structural, electrical, and optical features of the novel photocatalyst were characterized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), UV-visible light absorption spectrum(UV–Vis DRS), X-ray diffractometer(XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and transient photocurrent techniques. All analyses confirmed that the formation of heterojunctions between AgCl/ZnO and g-C_(3)N_(4)significantly increase electron-hole transfer and separation compared to pure ZnO and g-C_(3)N_(4). Thus, AgCl/ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4)could exhibit superior photocatalytic activity during TC-HCl assays(over 90% removal) under visible light irradiation. The composite could maintain its photocatalytic stability even after four consecutive reaction cycles. Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)) and superoxide radical(·O_(2)) contributed more than holes(h+) and hydroxyl radicals(·OH) to the degradation process as showed by trapping experiments. Liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer(LC-MS) was used for the representation of the TC-HCl potential degradation pathway. The applicability and the treatment potential of AgCl/ZnO/gC_(3)N_(4)against actual pharmaceutical wastewater showed that the composite can achieve removal efficiencies of 81.7%, 71.4% and 69.0% for TC-HCl, chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total organic carbon(TOC) respectively. AgCl/ZnO/g-C_(3)N_(4)can be a prospective key photocatalyst in the field of degradation of persistent, hardly-degradable pollutants, from industrial wastewater and not only.

关 键 词：PHOTOCATALYST Tetracycline degradation Pharmaceutical wastewater C_(3)N_(4)composites Degradation pathway 

分 类 号：X787[环境科学与工程—环境工程] O643.36[理学—物理化学] O644.1[理学—化学]