基于无人机视频的带状区域快速地形图测绘  

Study on Fast Topographic Mapping of Strip Area Based on UAV Video

作　　者：赖伟超 靳奉祥[2] 张兴国[3] LAI Weichao;JIN Fengxiang;ZHANG Xingguo(School of Surverying and Geo-Informatics,Shandong Jianzhu University,Ji􀆳nan 250101,China;Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Ji􀆳nan Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying Research Institute,Ji􀆳nan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学测绘地理信息学院,济南250101 [2]山东科技大学测绘与空间信息学院,青岛266590 [3]济南市勘察测绘研究院,济南250101

出　　处：《铁道勘察》2023年第3期31-35,55,共6页Railway Investigation and Surveying

摘　　要：近年来,无人机倾斜摄影测量技术在铁路、公路等带状区域地形图测绘工作中得到广泛应用,但仍存在航线冗余外扩、采集时间长、工作量大等问题,为进一步提高作业效率,满足突发应急事件下快速地形数据采集需求,提出一种基于无人机视频快速采集及成图方法,通过研究航飞速度、高度和相机参数与影像覆盖地面真实宽度之间的关系,给出视频均分帧处理及重建生成数字正射图和高程模型策略。通过选取典型长距离带状区域进行实验,按照提出的方法与技术流程,外业采集效率提高46%,并可达到1∶2 000测图精度要求,有效提高无人机测量技术在铁路勘察中的深度与广度。UAV oblique photogrammetry technology has been widely used in the surveying and mapping of strip-shaped areas such as railways and highways in recent years.However,During the actual application process,there are problems such as redundant expansion of routes,long acquisition time and heavy workload.In order to improve working efficiency and meet the urgent needs for the topographic mapping during the emergency,a rapid integrating and mapping method based on UAV video was suggested.By studying the relationship between the flight speed,height and camera parameters and the real width of the image coverage on the ground,the video was divided into frames and the digital orthophoto was reconstructed by using framed photos.By using a typical long-distance strip area as experiments,the results show that the method proposed in this paper could increase the field collection efficiency by 46%,and meet the 1∶2000 mapping scale requirement.The depth and breadth of UAV survey technology in railway survey were enhanced effectively.

关 键 词：地形图 带状区域 拍摄视频 均分帧处理 作业效率 

分 类 号：P231[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] P208[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]