空间行波管用低蒸散M型阴极的蒸发性能与寿命特性  

Evaporation Performance and Life Characteristics of Low Evaporation M-Type Cathode for Space Traveling Wave Tube

作　　者：李娜[1] 邵文生[1] 张珂[1] 冯进军[1] LI Na;SHAO Wensheng;ZHANG Ke;FENG Jinjun(12th Research Institute of China Electronic Technology Corporation,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所,北京100015

出　　处：《电子器件》2023年第2期371-378,共8页Chinese Journal of Electron Devices

摘　　要：针对空间行波管等真空电子器件使用寿命受限于阴极电子源的问题,制备了低蒸散型覆膜扩散阴极(M型阴极),对其蒸发性能、发射性能及寿命特性展开研究。采用贝克法测量阴极初始状态及经过不同寿命时长后的蒸发速率,在水冷阳极中进行了阴极发射性能的测试,随后比较了低蒸散M型阴极与常规M型阴极的性能差异。在专用测试系统中,以行波管电子枪漂移管为载体,对阴极的寿命特性进行测试与分析。研究结果表明,在1050℃_(B)和1100℃_(B)时,低蒸散M型阴极的蒸发速率与常规M型阴极相比分别降低了89.7%和84.8%,同时发射性能满足器件应用要求。寿命实验结果显示,在行波管电子枪短管中,实验阴极在980℃_(B)~1140℃_(B)范围内,直流支取1.2 A/cm^(2)的条件下,稳定工作10000 h以上。阴极工作温度低于1041.5℃_(B)时预估寿命即可超过20年。The evaporation performance,emission properties and life characteristics of low evaporation M-type dispenser cathodes are stud-ied in order to meet the lifetime requirements of cathode electron source in vacuum electronic devices(VEDs)such as space travelling wave tubes(TWT).Becker method is use to measure the evaporation rate of cathodes in the initial state and the cathodes after different li-fetime.Emission properties are test by water cooled anode diode,then life test is performed in the TWT electron gun drift tubes.The re-sults show that the evaporation rate of M-type cathodes can be reduced by 89.7%and 84.8%respectively at 1050℃_(B)and 1100℃_(B),while the emission properties are still at the same level as the classical M type cathode.According to the results of life test the low-evapo-ration M type cathode has worked stably for more than 10000 hours at the temperature range from 980℃_(B)to 1140℃_(B)and DC current density of 1.2 A/cm^(2).When the operating temperature does not exceed 1041.5℃_(B),the low-evaporation M type cathode is expected to work over 20 years.

关 键 词：低蒸散 M型阴极 行波管 蒸发速率 寿命实验 

分 类 号：TN104[电子电信—物理电子学] O462[理学—电子物理学]