洱海沉水植物的光合特性与分布水深的关系  

THE MEASUREMENT OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMENTERS OF SUBMERSED MACROPHYTES WITH AIMS TO EXPLORE THE PLANT DISTRIBUTION DEPTH IN ERHAI LAKE

作　　者：邓嘉懿 高晓钰 单航 张霄林[1] 倪乐意[1] 曹特[1] DENG Jia-Yi;GAO Xiao-Yu;SHAN Hang;ZHANG Xiao-Lin;NI Le-Yi;CAO Te(Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 10049,China;Ecological Environment Bureau of Sheyang,Yancheng,224300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]盐城市射阳生态环境局,盐城224300

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2023年第7期1157-1167,共11页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870446)资助。

摘　　要：为研究沉水植物光合特性与其分布水深的关系,选取黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)、苦草(Vallisneria natans)、水蕴草(Egeria densa)、大茨藻(Najas marina)、微齿眼子菜(Potamogeton maackianus)、光叶眼子菜(Potamogeton lucens)和穿叶眼子菜(Potamogeton perfoliatus)等15种洱海常见沉水植物,测定其光合作用参数。结果表明:光合速率为2.8—18.1μmol O_(2)/(g DW·h)、暗呼吸速率为0.3—2.0μmol O_(2)/(g DW·h)、光补偿点为6.3—63.8μE/(m^(2)·s)、光饱和点为55.6—441.5μE/(m^(2)·s),不同沉水植物间光合作用参数存在显著差异。结合洱海全湖沉水植物分布水深调查结果,沉水植物的光补偿点和光饱和点与分布水深呈显著负相关;苦草与其他物种比较具有更低的光补偿点6.3μE/(m^(2)·s)、光饱和点55.6μE/(m^(2)·s),更适宜在深水或弱光条件下生长,可作为沉水植被修复的先锋物种。Photosynthesis is vital physiological process producing carbohydrate for the growth and distribution of submersed macrophytes,and thus may closely relate to the plant distribution depth.To clarify the differences of photosynthetic parameters and their relevance to the colonization depths of submersed macrophytes,we measured the light compensation and saturation points,photosynthetic rate and dark respiration of 15 submerged macrophytes,using a liquidphase oxygen electrode,and investigated the plants distribution depth in Erhai Lake,China.The results showed that the photosynthetic rate ranged from 2.8 to 18.1μmol O_(2)/(g DW·h),the dark respiration rate ranged from 0.3 to 2.0μmol O_(2)/(g DW·h),the light compensation point ranged from 6.3 to18.1μE/(m^(2)·s),the light saturation point ranged from 55.6 to 441.5μE/(m^(2)·s).The plants had significant differences in the photosynthetic parameters.Based on a field survey of the plant distribution depth,the light compensation and saturation points of the submerged macrophytes were negatively correlated with their distribution depths.V.natans had the lowest light compensation and saturation points,and were more suitable to grow in deeper water where the experienced low light stress,and thus V.natans could be taken as a pioneer species for the restoration of submerged macrophytes in eutrophic lakes.

关 键 词：光合作用 光饱和点 光补偿点 分布水深 洱海 沉水植物 

分 类 号：Q178.2[生物学—水生生物学]