天冬多糖的提取方法研究  

Study on the extraction method of asparagus polysaccharide

作　　者：楼丽 晏堂 张苏霞 陈思雨 刘永静[1] LOU Li;YAN Tang;ZHANG Suxia;CHEN Siyu;LIU Yongjing(School of Pharmacy,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou 350122,China)

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学药学院,福建福州350122

出　　处：《药学研究》2023年第4期232-237,共6页Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.81903928)。

摘　　要：目的以天冬药材中多糖提取率和得率为指标,比较不同提取方法对天冬多糖的提取效率,优选天冬多糖的最佳提取方法。方法采用条件优化后的苯酚硫酸法测定天冬多糖的含量,并分别采用低共熔溶剂(DES)超声提取法和超声辅助结合酶法对天冬药材中多糖进行提取研究,通过提取条件优化确定两种提取方法的最佳提取工艺,同时与传统的水提醇沉法进行比较。结果苯酚硫酸法最佳显色条件:浓硫酸5.0 mL,5%苯酚2.5 mL,加热温度50℃,冷却方式及时间为室温下放置10 min,硫酸苯酚加入顺序为先加入浓硫酸。超声辅助结合酶提取法的提取率明显优于低共熔溶剂提取,因此本实验选择该法作为多糖制备的最佳工艺;超声辅助结合酶法最佳提取条件:选择木瓜蛋白酶与纤维素酶组成的复合酶(1∶1)作为辅助酶,酶添加量为1.5%,酶法提取pH为6.5,液料比为1∶40 g·mL^(-1),超声提取温度为50℃,提取时间为30 min。超声辅助酶法所提多糖纯度为39.33%,比水提醇沉法高了33.41%。结论超声辅助结合酶法作为新兴提取多糖方法,操作简便,在多糖纯度上具有一定优势,比较适合用于提取天冬多糖,为天冬多糖进一步开发提供数据支持。Objective To compare the extraction efficiency of different extraction methods for polysaccharides in asparagus herbs with the content of polysaccharide extraction rate as an index,and to prefer the best extraction method for asparagus polysaccharides.Methods The content of polysaccharides in asparagus was determined by phenol sulfuric acid meth-od with optimized conditions,and the extraction of polysaccharides in asparagus herbs was studied by DES ultrasonic extraction method and ultrasound-assisted combined with enzym-atic method,and the best extraction process of the two extraction methods was determined by optimization of extraction conditions,and also compared with the traditional aqueous alcoholic precipitation method.Results The best color development conditions for phenol-sulfuric acid method were:5.0 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid,2.5 mL of 5%phenol,heating temperature of 50℃,cooling mode and time of 10 min at room temperature,and the order of adding sulfuric acid and phenol was to add concentrated sulfuric acid first.The extraction rate of ultrasound-assisted combined enzyme extraction method was signific-antly better than that of DES extraction,so this method was chosen as the best process for polysaccharide preparation in this experiment;the best extraction conditions of ultrasound-assisted combined enzyme method:the compound enzyme(1∶1)composed of papain and cellulase was chosen as the auxiliary enzyme,the enzyme addition was 1.5%,the pH of enzyme extraction was 6.5,the liquid to material ratio was 1∶40 g·mL^(-1).The purity of poly-saccharide extracted by ultrasound-assisted enzymatic method was 39.33%,which was 33.41%higher than that of water extraction and alcoholic sedimentation method.Conclusion As an emerging method for polysaccharide extraction,ultrasound-assisted combined with enzymatic method is easy to operate and has certain advantages in polysaccharide content,which is more suitable for the extraction of asparagus polysaccharides and provides data support for further development o

关 键 词：天冬 多糖 苯酚-硫酸法 超声酶法 低共熔溶剂 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]