从小儿生理特点对儿童新型冠状病毒感染的思考  

Thinking on the infection of novel coronavirus in children from the physiological characteristics of children

作　　者：丘梓桐 谢静[2] QIU Zitong

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学,湖南长沙410208 [2]湖南中医药大学第一附属医院,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《中医临床研究》2023年第8期32-35,共4页Clinical Journal Of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：湖南中医药大学中医学国内一流建设学科(4901-020000200207)。

摘　　要：小儿感染新型冠状病毒后相较于成年人、老年人症状普遍较轻、病程短、预后可、重症率低。新型冠状病毒感染属中医“疫病”之“寒湿疫”。从中医学角度来说,小儿有其自身生理特点,小儿“阳常有余”,纯阳之体则阳气旺,不易感寒邪,平素应固护阳气,抵抗疫邪;阳胜则热,感邪后热象居多,结合小儿生理特点及新型冠状病毒感染之病因病机,建议以温药配合辛凉解表之法;小儿“脾常不足”,平素乳食不调,脾气易虚,感邪后多伴随恶心、呕吐、厌食、泄泻、积滞等消化道症状,结合“寒湿疫”的特点可选用散寒除湿、健脾化积的药物。中医讲“药食同源”,家长可从此入手固护儿童脾胃。从西医学角度推测儿童体内免疫系统发育完善,发生疾病时免疫反应适中,不易引起细胞因子风暴。合理预防调护,包括适当运动、科学膳食、规律作息等对于儿童新型冠状病毒感染的防治也是尤为重要。Compared with adults and the elderly,the symptoms of children infected with novel coronavirus are generally mild,the course of disease is short,the prognosis is good,and the rate of severe disease is low.The infection of novel coronavirus belongs to the cold dampness epidemic of TCM.From the point of view of TCM,children have their own physiological characteristics.Children’s physique is Yang(阳)frequently in excess,not susceptible to cold.Normal children should protect Yang Qi(气),resist pestilence.When Yang wins,heat is associated with it.Combined with the physiological characteristics of children and the etiology and pathogenesis of the novel coronavirus infection,it is recommended to use warm medicinal combined with pungent-cool exterior releasing medicinal.Children’s physique is spleen is often insufficient,plain milk and food dyspepsia,spleen Qi deficiency.After infection,it is often accompanied by nausea,vomiting,anorexia,diarrhea,stagnation and other gastrointestinal symptoms.Combined with the characteristics of cold dampness epidemic,the drugs of dissipate cold and dispel dampness and fortify the spleen to promote digestion can be used clinically.TCM advocates the medicine food homologous,so that parents can strengthen the spleen-stomach of children.From the perspective of Western medicine,it is speculated that the immune system of children is well developed,and the immune response is moderate when diseases occur,which is not easy to cause cytokine storm.Reasonable prevention and care,including appropriate exercise,scientific diet and regular daily work and rest,are particularly important for the prevention and treatment of children with novel coronavirus infection.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 儿童 阳常有余 脾常不足 免疫适宜 

分 类 号：R272[医药卫生—中医儿科学]