异种铝合金焊接研究现状及展望  

Research Status and Prospect of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy Welding

作　　者：杨健 骆顺存 裴鹏飞 王晓南 张海 YANG Jian;LUO Shuncun;PEI Pengfei;WANG Xiaonan;ZHANG Hai(High-Performance Metal Structural Materials Research Institute,School of Iron and Steel,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China;Weiqiao(Soochow)Lightweight Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215001,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学沙钢钢铁学院高性能金属结构材料研究院,江苏苏州215021 [2]魏桥(苏州)轻量化研究院有限公司,江苏苏州215001

出　　处：《电焊机》2023年第5期1-11,共11页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2021SFGC1001)。

摘　　要：汽车轻量化应用过程中存在大量异种材料连接,针对国内外不同预制工艺、焊接工艺条件下异种铝合金TIG、MIG、激光焊接、搅拌摩擦焊接头的显微组织、性能及预测模型等相关研究进行综述和展望。异种铝合金激光填丝、激光复合CMT、铆接复合胶粘在薄板焊接领域具有广阔的前景,且通过微合金化及纳米颗粒化对焊丝成分进行调控是改善高强铝合金熔焊接头强度的有效方法。搅拌摩擦焊是2系/7系铝合金高质量连接的主要方法,且类似搅拌摩擦点焊、预制燕尾槽、预制孔中增加纳米颗粒、刀具偏移等新工艺可以为局部铝/钢,铝/铜,铝/碳纤维等其他异质材料高强度连接起到有效促进作用。There are a lot of dissimilar material joints in the process of automobile lightweight application.This paper mainly reviews and prospects the research on the microstructure,properties,and prediction models of dissimilar aluminum alloy TIG,MIG,laser welding,friction stir welding joints under different prefabrication processes and welding conditions at home and abroad.Laser wire filling welding,laser-CMT hybrid welding,and riveting and gluing of dissimilar aluminum alloys have broad prospects in the field of sheet welding,and the effective method to improve the strength of high-strength aluminum alloy fusion welded joints is to regulate the composition of welding wires through microalloying and nanoparticle processing.Friction stir welding is the main method for high-quality connection of 2X/7X aluminum alloys,and new processes such as friction stir spot welding,prefabrication of dovetail grooves,the addition of nanoparticles in prefabricated holes,tool offset,etc.can effectively promote the high-strength connection of local aluminum/steel,aluminum/copper,aluminum/carbon fiber and other materials.

关 键 词：异种铝合金 TIG焊接 MIG焊接 激光焊接 搅拌摩擦焊接 

分 类 号：TG457[金属学及工艺—焊接]