裂隙围岩隧道爆破开挖断面轮廓控制研究与应用  

Research and application of blasting excavation contour control for tunnel in fractured surrounding rock

作　　者：耿世明 唐海 马谕杰 刘蒙 彭爱全 武俊博 姜威振 GENG Shi-ming;TANG Hai;MA Yu-jie;LIU Meng;PENG Ai-quan;WU Jun-bo;JIANG Wei-zhen(School of Resources,Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China;China Nuclear Industry Huaxing Construction Company Limited,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]中国核工业华兴建设有限公司,南京210000

出　　处：《工程爆破》2023年第2期80-86,共7页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科研基金资助项目(20A196)。

摘　　要：为解决裂隙围岩隧道爆破掘进施工过程中断面轮廓控制不足、超欠挖严重的问题,以某隧道为例,通过分析掌子面爆破开挖过程中导致轮廓控制不足的主要因素,对炮孔装药结构、装药密度和光爆层厚度等进行了优化。现场爆破效果表明:采用优化后的爆破参数进行开挖,可有效控制爆破开挖断面轮廓,抑制拱顶岩体大面积离层,避免掌子面底部“根底”现象;隧道平均线性超挖量大幅降低80%,平均炮孔利用率提高至93.2%,有效降低了裂隙围岩隧道爆破开挖对围岩的损伤,改善了爆破效果。In order to solve the problems of insufficient control of the interrupted surface profile and serious over-under-excavation during the construction process of tunnel blasting and excavation in the cracked surrounding rock,a tunnel was taken as an example.By analyzing the main factors that lead to insufficient contour control during the blasting excavation of the tunnel face,the hole charging structure,charging density and smooth blasting layer thickness were optimized.The on-site blasting effect shows that the optimized blasting parameters can be used for excavation,which can effectively control the profile of the blasting excavation section,suppress the large-area separation of the vault rock mass,and avoid the"root"phenomenon at the bottom of the tunnel face.The average linear over-excavation of the tunnel is greatly reduced by 80%,and the average efficiency of borehole is increased to 93.2%,which effectively reduces the damage to the surrounding rock caused by blasting and excavation of the fissure surrounding rock tunnel,and improves the blasting effect.

关 键 词：裂隙围岩 轮廓控制 光面爆破 水压爆破装药结构 参数优化 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]