超临界水热冲击致裂技术研究初探  

Preliminary study on supercritical hydrothermal shock cracking technology

作　　者：胡少斌 庞烁钢 王恩元[2] 颜正勇 蔡余康 张琳 HU Shao-bin;PANG Shuo-gang;WANG En-yuan;YAN Zheng-yong;CAI Yu-kang;ZHANG Lin(Hohai University,College of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Institute of Tunnel and Underground Engineering,Nanjing 210098,China;China University of Mining and Technology,School of Safety Engineering,Xuzhou 221008,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学土木与交通学院隧道与地下工程研究所,南京210098 [2]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221008

出　　处：《工程爆破》2023年第2期95-101,108,共8页Engineering Blasting

摘　　要：为了应对复杂敏感环境硬岩破除难的问题,文中提出一种超临界水热冲击致裂技术,以液态水为基液,利用自主研制的本安型聚能剂在水中放热,使液态水吸热转变为超临界态,迅速发生体积膨胀,是一种新型高能流体冲击致裂技术。通过试验验证超临界水热冲击致裂方法的可行性,并通过改变聚能剂配比、聚能剂和水质量比、在水中加入添加剂的方式,探究超临界水热冲击致裂效果及影响因素。研究表明,超临界水热冲击致裂效果与聚能剂剂量、水的成分、用量等有很强的相关性;在水中加入添加剂后,致裂效果得到明显改善,且加入白醋的致裂效果优于加入小苏打。该技术的研发对矿山开采、煤层增透等领域的岩石破碎方案具有重要指导意义和应用前景。In order to deal with the difficult problem of hard rock breaking in complex and sensitive environment,this paper proposes a supercritical hydrothermal impact cracking technology,which takes liquid water as the base liquid and uses the self-developed intrinsically safe energy accumulating agent to release heat in water,so that the endothermic state of liquid water changes to supercritical state and volume expansion occurs rapidly.It is a new high-energy fluid impact cracking technology.The feasibility of supercritical hydrothermal shock cracking method is verified through experiments,and the cracking effect and influencing factors of supercritical hydrothermal shock are explored by changing the ratio of energy accumulating agent,the mass ratio of energy accumulating agent to water and adding additives in water.The results show that the cracking effect of supercritical hydrothermal shock has a strong correlation with the dose of energy accumulating agent,the composition and dosage of water;After adding additives to water,the cracking effect is significantly improved,and the cracking effect of white vinegar is better than that of baking soda.The research and development of this technology has important guiding significance and application prospect for rock crushing schemes in mining,coal seam antireflection and other fields.

关 键 词：高能气体压裂 冲击破岩 超临界水 热冲击 

分 类 号：TD231.1[矿业工程—矿井建设] TD235