人工智能主义:概念、基本理念及其理论困境  

Doctrine of AI:Concept,Fundamental Ideas and Its Theoretical Dilemmas

作　　者：谷生然[1] 郭燕 GU Shen-gran;GUO Yan(School of Marxism,West China Normal University,Nanchong 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学马克思主义学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期58-65,共8页Journal of China West Normal University:Philosophy & Social Sciences

基　　金：四川省哲学社会科学规划项目(SC21EZD045);复旦大学马克思主义学院委托课题。

摘　　要：强人工智能是一种能达到或完全超越人的意识的机器智能。人工智能主义是强人工智能在哲学上的理论表现,它为人工智能的发展提供了方法论指导,极大地激发了人工智能研究者的信心和热情。人工智能主义认为,机器具有思维,人不过是一种高度复杂的机器,未来人工智能将远远胜过人的意识。然而,人工智能主义面临人本主义多方面的质疑:随着人工智能的发展,人日益远离自由,沦为人工智能的奴仆;人工智能不是独立的主体,只能作为人的工具;人工智能并不能从根本上超越人类思维。历史唯物主义在这一问题上的理论原则充分吸收了人工智能主义与人本主义的合理性。一方面,人工智能主义以机器模拟人的思维,不仅提升了人类处理信息的能力,而且提高了人类改造世界的能力;另一方面,在人工智能与人的关系上,人居于决定地位。无论人工智能如何发展,都改变不了人工智能是人的工具或伙伴的地位。SAI(Strong Artificial Intelligence)is a kind of machine intelligence that can reach or completely surpass human consciousness.As the theoretical expression of SAI in philosophy,the doctrine of SAI provides methodological guidance for the development of AI,which greatly stimulates the confidence and enthusiasm of AI researchers.The doctrine of SAI believes that machines can think while humans are just highly complex machines,and that AI in the future will far surpass human consciousness.However,the theory faces questions from many aspects of humanism.Firstly,with the development of AI,people are increasingly far away from freedom and become slaves of AI.Secondly,AI is not an independent subject,it can only be used as a tool for human beings.lastly,AI cannot be fundamentally superior to the human mind.The author believes that the theoretical principle of historical materialism on this issue is to fully absorb the rationality of both doctrines of SAI and humanism.On the one hand,the doctrine of SAI uses machines to simulate human thinking,which not only promotes the abilities of human beings to process information but also enhances the abilities of human beings to transform the world.On the other hand,humans occupy a decisive position in the relationship between artificial intelligence and humans.No matter how artificial intelligence develops,it cannot change the status of artificial intelligence as a tool or a partner of human beings.

关 键 词：强人工智能 人工智能主义 人本主义 历史唯物主义 

分 类 号：B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]